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Publication Type:
| Report |
Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
Author(s): | Ohlenbusch, Paul D.;
Rose, Leslie A. |
Author Affiliation: | Kansas State University |
Title: | Seed Safeners and Crop Herbicides for Establishing Warm Season Native Grasses. |
Meeting Info.: | |d December 8-10 |
Source: | Proceedings of the North Central Weed Control Conference. Vol. 42, 1987, p. 72-73. |
Publishing Information: | Omaha, NB |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Herbicides; Panicum virgatum; Andropogon gerardii
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Abstract/Contents: | "Seed safeners used on grain sorghum seed appear to help in the establishment of pure stands of warm season native grasses. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of surghum seed safeners and selected herbicides on the emergence and establishment of big bluestem, Indiangrass and switchgrass. Field plots were established in cooperation with the Soil Conservation Service at the SCS plant Materials Center (PMC) and the KSU North Agronomy Farm (NAF) in 1986 and 1987. A preliminary study was conducted at the PMC in 1985. Soil texture at the PMC location was a fine sandy loam or loamy fine sand with a pH of 6.3-6.7 while the NAF location was a silty clay loam or silt loam with a pH of 7.0-7.2. The cultivars of native grass used were "Kaw" big bluestem, "Osage" Indiangrass and "Blackwell" switchgrass. Foundation seed produced by the PMC was used. Seeding was in April or May each year. Seed safener treatments were none, CGA-92194 and flurazole. Herbicide treatments were randomized within the seed safener treatments and were none, atrazine (2.24 kg/ha), metachlor (1.68 and 2.24 kg/ha), terbutryn (1.68 and 2.24 kg/ha), alachlor (2.24 and 3.36 kg/ha) and propochlor + atrazine (2.8 and 3.92 kg/ha). Herbicides were incorporated with a disc. Plot size was 2 by 3 m with a row spacing of 0.3m. Three permanent sampling locations were established in each plot. Data taken were seedlings per 0.1 m2 in September of year1, and dry matter per ha in September of year 2. Weed pressure during the seeding year has always been and will continue to be a major problem in establishing grasses. The seeded grasses responded to the herbicide treatments in many ways. Sampling was designed to measure establishment at different phenological stages. No one herbicide has been found to be the best treatment overall in the preliminary evaluations. Aaddtional evaluations will be made by comparing no herbicide and atrazine with each of the herbicides, first within a seed treatment and then comparing no seed treatment to a seed safener. Seed stalk production occurred the seeding year in each sedding. Second year seed stalk production was obtained in the 1985 seeding but not the 1986 seeding. The 1987 seeding will be closely watched as a comparison. The reason and importance of this response is not clear, although heavy first year tillering in the 1986 seeding and the weather may be the cause. An unexpected occurrence has been the emergence and establishment of Indiangrass in the 2.24 kg/ha atrazine treatment all three years. Experience ha sindicated no emergence would be expected. The plants from the 1985 seeding have been transplanted to an isolated location and the 1986 seed production from these plants will be evaluated for atrazine tolerance in the seedlings. The response to the seed safeners is the most interesting. The 1986 seeding data is complete. Using the no herbicide treatment for each species, some trends are emerging. Big bluestem at the PMC had little or limited response to either safener for seedling population and tillering. However, seed stalk production was greatly reduced by both safeners (flurazole had none) while dry matter production was reduced by flurazole. At the NAF, both safeners increased seddling population, tillering, seed stalk production and dry matter production. At the PMC, flurazole increased seedling population, tillering and dry matter production for Indiangrass while CGA-92194 slightly increased by flurazole for Indiangrass. Switchgrass at the PMC had reduced seed stalk production and increased dry matter production with both safeners. At the NAF, no seed stalks were produced with flurazole while safeners increased dry matter production. The responses exhibited to date in the study in dicate a possible metabolic or physiological change in the plants. Many other plant characteristics also appear to be changed. Height, particularly of seed stalks, allowed for quick identification of the seed treatment blocks. The 1987 seeding data will be complete in 1988 and will be evaluated and compared to the 1986 seeding to complete the study." |
Language: | English |
References: | 0 |
Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Ohlenbusch, P. D., and L. A. Rose. 1987. Seed Safeners and Crop Herbicides for Establishing Warm Season Native Grasses.. Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 42:p. 72-73. |
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