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Web URL(s): | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01904169709365263 Last checked: 10/13/2015 Requires: PDF Reader Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
Publication Type:
| Report |
Author(s): | Griffith, Stephen M.;
Alderman, Stephen C.;
Streeter, Donald J. |
Author Affiliation: | National Forage Seed Production Research Center, USDA, ARS, Corvallis, OR |
Title: | Italian ryegrass and nitrogen source fertilization in western Oregon in two contrasting climatic years. I. Growth and seed yield |
Article Series: | Italian ryegrass and nitrogen source fertilization in western Oregon in two contrasting climatic years, Part 1 |
Source: | Journal of Plant Nutrition. Vol. 20, No. 4/5, 1997, p. 419-428. |
Publishing Information: | New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. |
# of Pages: | 10 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Lolium multiflorum; Nitrogen fertilization; Nitrogen; Climatic factors; Growth; Seed yield; Growing degree days; Precipitation; Calcium nitrate; Ammonium nitrate; Ammonium sulfate; Ammonium chloride; Urea dicyandiamide; Dry weight; Shoots; Root weight; Roots; Temperatures; Tillers (vegetative); Biomass; Growth rate; Environmental factors; Fertilization timing
|
Geographic Terms: | Western Oregon |
Abstract/Contents: | "Prescription based nitrogen (N) fertilization of crops in a given local environment begins by understanding factors affecting crop N use and relating these factors to a time scale most direcly related to crop growth. For these reasons the following objectives were sought for an economically important grass seed crop in western Oregon, Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). One, to determine the influence of N source (NH₄-N and NO₃-N) on crop growth and seed yield. Second, to determine the relationship between accumulated growing degree days (GDD) and plant ontogeny and relate these findings to N-source effects on growth and seed yield parameters. Field plots were established in 1991 and again in 1992. Five N-source treatments were applied: calcium nitrate (CN) , ammonium sulfate (AS), ammonium chloride (AC), and urea-dicyandiamide (DCD). Nitrogen-source treatments had no effect on root and shoot dry mass accumulation in either year. Ammonium-N fertilization increased tiller number per unit area compared to all NO₃-N fertilization in 1991 only. Nitrogen source did not affect plant dry mass either year. Between years differences in dry mass accumulation across N treatments were concluded to be the result of climatic and lodging factors. Across N treatments, 1992 seed yield was approximately 2.5-fold greater than that of 1991. Early crop lodging in 1991 contributed to reduced seed yield. In the drier, warmer year of 1992, seed yield was greatest with AN and urea-DCD fertilizers. Temperature was the major regulator of growth and development under conditions of equally applied N. Even with contrasting annual climatic conditions, growth data comparisons on a GDD basis was a very effective means of comparing plant growth between years. Grass seed growers could potentially increase N-use efficiency and economic seed yield by more effectively matching timing and amount of N applied to crop demand by using a GDD time scale. By using this scale, greater consistency of on-farm management practices (e.g., fertilization) form year-to-year could result. Data support findings that ryegrass seed production is best under enhanced NH₄-N nutrition." |
Language: | English |
References: | 13 |
Note: | Tables Graphs |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Griffith, S. M., S. C. Alderman, and D. J. Streeter. 1997. Italian ryegrass and nitrogen source fertilization in western Oregon in two contrasting climatic years. I. Growth and seed yield. J. Plant Nutr. 20(4/5):p. 419-428. |
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| Web URL(s): http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/01904169709365263 Last checked: 10/13/2015 Requires: PDF Reader Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
| MSU catalog number: QK 867 .J67 |
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