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Publication Type:
| Report |
Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
Author(s): | Roehl, Joel S.;
Messersmith, Calvin G. |
Author Affiliation: | Roehl: Graduate Research Assistant; and Messersmith: Professor; Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND |
Title: | Drift-reducing nozzle and drift retardant effects on weed control efficacy |
Section: | Equipment and application methods Other records with the "Equipment and application methods" Section
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Meeting Info.: | Columbus, OH: December 14-16, 1999 |
Source: | Proceedings of the North Central Weed Science Society. Vol. 55, December 2000, p. 115. |
Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: North Central Weed Science Society |
# of Pages: | 1 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Spray drift; Nozzles; Weed control; Non-selective herbicides; Glyphosate; Glufosinate
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Abstract/Contents: | "Two non-selective herbicides, glyphosate and glufosinate, are increasingly being utilized for weed control since the introduction of herbicide-resistant crops, such as corn and soybean that are specifically resistant to either herbicide. Spray drift of these non-selective herbicides onto susceptible crops and other non-target plants may increase in proportion to their increased use. However, management practices that increase average droplet size and reduce formation of very small droplets, such as special nozzles and spray additives, will reduce drift and the risk of resulting liability. Drift-reducing nozzle designs create larger spray droplets than conventional nozzles either by operating at reduced pressures or by air-induction that creates air-filled spray droplets. Drift retardants are spray additives, usually composed of either a polyvinyl or polyacrylamide polymer, that increase the viscosity of the spray solution thereby increasing droplet diameter. Field experiments were conducted in 2000 to evaluate efficacy of drift-reducing nozzles and drift retardants when used to apply glyphosate, a translocated herbicide, and glufosinate, a contact herbicide. In separate experiments, glyphosate at 110 g ae/ha plus ammonium sulfate (AMS) at 2.0 kg/100 L and glufosinate at 210 g ae/ha plus AMS at 3.4 kg/ha were applied with five nozzle types, a conventional flat-fan and four drift-reducing designs, and five drift retardants. Nozzles included a Turbo TeeJet, Drift Guard, TeeJet Air Induction, and TeeJet conventional flat-fan, all by Spraying Systems Co., and a Lurmark Air Induction nozzle by Precision Fluid Control Products Inc. Drift retardants included Array, Dryve, Corral AMS, Surf Plus and Placement Pro-Pak. All drift retardant formulations contained AMS. Two spray volumes, 70 and 140 L/ha, were used, and spray volume was changed by adjusting speed so the droplet size from each nozzle did not change. Three assay crops were planted perpendicular to each plot, and oat, which showed the greatest difference between treatments, was visually evaluated for herbicide efficacy. Drift-reducing nozzles and drift retardants did not reduce nor increase glyphosate or glufosinate efficacy on oat, compared to the conventional nozzle treatment, when averaged over all locations. Nozzles and drift retardants did not affect glyphosate or glufosinate efficacy at the two spray volumes. Efficacy of glyphosate was greater than glufosinate on oat with all nozzles and drift retardants at all locations, probably because glyphosate is translocated to the growing point while glufosinate has only contact activity. Glufosinate, although a contact herbicide, showed similar efficacy at both spray volumes. Results of these experiments suggest that drift-reducing nozzles or drift retardants may be utilized for drift management without reducing herbicide efficacy, even with the moderately low spray volumes of 70 and 140 L/ha. Drift-reducing nozzles and drift retardants create larger spray droplets than conventional flat-fan nozzles, but herbicide efficacy was not reduced with either a contact or translocated herbicide." |
Language: | English |
References: | 0 |
Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Roehl, J. S., and C. G. Messersmith. 2000. Drift-reducing nozzle and drift retardant effects on weed control efficacy. Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 55:p. 115. |
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