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Web URL(s): | http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/PFC-200026697 Last checked: 10/09/2015 Requires: PDF Reader Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
Publication Type:
| Report |
Author(s): | Menon, Pramila;
Gopal, Madhuban;
Prasad, Rajender |
Author Affiliation: | Menon: Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, India; Gopal: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi, India; Prasad: Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India |
Title: | Dissipation of chlorpyrifos in two soil environments of semi-arid India |
Source: | Journal of Environmental Science and Health: Part B: Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes. Vol. B39, No. 4, 2004, p. 517-531. |
Publishing Information: | New York: Marcel Dekker |
# of Pages: | 15 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Chlorpyrifos; Quinalphos; Half-life; Rhizosphere; Pesticides; White grubs; Groundwater; Application rates; Semiarid climates; Temperate zones; Soil temperature; Pesticide application; Insecticides; Pesticide residues; Pesticide fate
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Geographic Terms: | India |
Abstract/Contents: | "The dissipation of chlorpyrifos (20 EC) at environment-friendly doses in the sandy loam and loamy sand soils of two semi-arid fields and the presence of pesticide residues in the harvested groundnut seeds, were monitored. The movement of chlorpyrifos through soil and its binding in the loamy sand soil was studied using 14C chlorpyrifos. Chlorpyrifos was moderately stable in both loamy sand and sandy loam soils, with half-life of 12.3 and 16.4 days, respectively. With 20 EC treatments the dissipation was slower for standing crop than seed treatment, indicative of the high degradation rates in the bioactive rhizosphere. In soil, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) was the principal breakdown product. Presence of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-methoxypyridine (TMP), the secondary metabolite, has detected in the rhizospheric samples during this study, has not been reported earlier in field soils. The rapid dissipation of the insecticide from the soil post-application might have resulted from low sorption due to the alkalinity of the soil and its low organic matter content, fast topsoil dissipation possibly by volatilization and photochemical degradation, aided by the low water solublity, limited vertical mobility due to confinement of residues to the upper 15 cm soil layers and microbial mineralization and nucleophilic hydrolysis. Contrary to the reports of relatively greater mobility of its metabolites in temperate soils, TMP and TCP remained confined to the top 15 cm soil. The formation of bound residues (half-life 13.4 days) in the loamy sand soil was little and not "irreversible." A decline in bound residues could be correlated to decreasing TCP concentration. Higher pod yields were obtained from pesticide treated soils in comparison to controls. Post-harvest no pesticide residues were detected in the soils and groundnut seeds." |
Language: | English |
References: | 83 |
Note: | Flow charts Tables Graphs |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Menon, Pramila, Manuban Gopal, and R. Prasad. 2004. Dissipation of chlorpyrifos in two soil environments of semi-arid India. J. Environ. Sci. Health. B39(4):p. 517-531. |
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| Web URL(s): http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1081/PFC-200026697 Last checked: 10/09/2015 Requires: PDF Reader Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
| MSU catalog number: QH 545 .P4 J6 |
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