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| Web URL(s): | https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/29/3/JEQ0290030979
Last checked: 11/08/2016
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Mallin, Michael A.;
Wheeler, Tracey L. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina |
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| Title: | Nutrient and fecal coliform discharge from coastal North Carolina golf courses |
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| Section: | Surface water quality
Other records with the "Surface water quality" Section
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| Source: | Journal of Environmental Quality. Vol. 29, No. 3, May/June 2000, p. 979-986. |
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| Publishing Information: | Madison, Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America |
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| # of Pages: | 8 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Water; Groundwater contamination; Irrigation water; Water resources; Water quality; Water uptake; Environmental benefits; Golf courses; Golf course drainage; Golf course irrigation; Golf courses in the environment; Pollutants; Coastal areas; Aquatic environment; Environmental protection; Nitrates; Soil conservation; Ammonium orthophosphate; Ammonium nitrate; Nitrogen fertilizers; Ammonium fertilizers; Bacteria; Soil microorganisms; Rainfall-runoff relationships; Surface runoff; Fertilization; Additives; Bioassay; Nutrient uptake; Environmental degradation; Environmental pollution
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Water quality investigations were conducted at five golf courses in southeastern North Carolina to determine levels of pollutants contributed by the courses to adjacent coastal streams. In general, nitrate levels were greater in streams leaving the courses compared with streams entering the courses, but concentrations varied considerably among courses. Ammonium concentrations increased in passage through most of the courses. Orthophosphate concentrations were elevated on midcourse sites on two courses, but were low in the outflow water except at one course. The golf courses studied were not significant sources of fecal coliform bacteria to nearby waterways; in fact, passage through some courses served to reduce coliform loads entering from upstream suburbs. Recent rainfall and fertilization application influenced outfall nitrate concentrations only at some courses. Landscape management practices appeared to play a critical role in determining nutrient concentrations in the outfall and at mid-course sites. Nutrient addition bioassay experiments conducted in one of the coastal creeks receiving golf course effluent demonstrated that nutrient concentrations as low as 50 to 100 μg nitrate N L-1 were capable of causing significant increases in phytoplankton biomass in our bioassay experiments. These coastal creeks host spring and summer algal blooms; thus, some golf course discharge nutrient concentrations are at levels great enough to contribute to eutrophication problems in estuarine waters. Vegetated buffer zones, wet detention ponds, and wooded wetland areas led to considerably lower nutrient output than sites lacking such management practices and should be used whenever possible to protect nutrient-sensitive receiving waters." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 19 |
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| Note: | Tables
Graphs |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Mallin, M. A., and T. L. Wheeler. 2000. Nutrient and fecal coliform discharge from coastal North Carolina golf courses. J. Environ. Qual. 29(3):p. 979-986. |
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| Web URL(s):
https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/29/3/JEQ0290030979
Last checked: 11/08/2016
Requires: PDF Reader
Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
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MSU catalog number: S 900 .J6 |
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