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| Web URL(s): | http://usgatero.msu.edu/v04/n04.pdf
Last checked: 02/2005
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Harman, G. E.;
Nelson, E. B.;
Donzelli, B. Giuliano Garisto;
Ondik, K. L. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Harman: Departments of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Geneva, New York; Nelson: Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; Donzell: Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, New York; and Ondik: Departments of Horticultural Sciences and Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Geneva, New York |
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| Title: | Diversity and biology of the dollar spot organism, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and its implications |
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| Source: | USGA Turfgrass and Environmental Research Online. Vol. 4, No. 4, February 15 2005, p. [1-9]. |
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| Publishing Information: | Far Hills, NJ: United States Golf Association, Green Section |
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| # of Pages: | 11 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Dollar spot; Sclerotinia homoeocarpa; Pathogens; Diversity; Seed inoculation; Growth stages; Genetic diversity; Disease control; Disease profile
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| Abstract/Contents: | "This study on the diversity and biology of the dollar spot organism, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, was undertaken to increase the knowledge base on this organism with a view to improving control and management of the disease. The work indicated that there are substantial lacks in our understanding of this pathogen. Among the findings and hypotheses: We were able to isolate the pathogen from still-green, but diseased foliage on the periphery of dollar spot patches, but not from the center of the dead turf. Additionally, diseased turf patches in subsequent years did not occur in the same locations as the previous year. This suggested the concept that disease occurs as a consequence of inoculum arising from overwintering diseased foliage may need revision. We artificially inoculated turf seedlings with the pathogen and found that the pathogen preferentially colonized the root-crown region. This is in contrast to the field location of the pathogen, where the pathogen usually is located in the leaves. These observations are consistent with the suggestion that the initial disease occurs infrequently and with few symptoms, perhaps in the root-crown portion of the plant. Then, when these individual diseased seedlings are mowed, the disease is spread. The diseased seedling fragments would provide a highly nutritious inoculum source, permitting disease on leaves. If this suggestion is true, then (a) the epiphytotic phase of dollar spot is in reality the second stage of the disease, with the initial infections occurring earlier and (b) if we could control the hypothetical first stage of the disease, then the disease could be more easily controlled with lower levels of pesticides. This hypothesis may also explain why the disease occurs with such explosive speed in the absence of adequate control measures. There is significant genetic diversity in the pathogen and some limited evidence suggesting that certain genotypes may be more prevalent in certain regions of North America than others. If so, then this diversity may provide management challenges because different strains may respond differently to inputs. The research also provided evidence for the suggestion that populations within particular regions or specific sites may have arisen from small founding populations, perhaps single strains. If so, this suggests the populations of the pathogen probably are being introduced at the time new turf is established. This allows us to question the origin of the pathogen. Presumably, it is being introduced with some materials used to establish the green or other grass surface. If so, is it possible to exclude this inoculum source and thereby control the disease?" |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 14 |
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| See Also: | Other Reports from this USGA research project: 1998-27-135 |
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| Note: | Reprint appears in Australian Turfgrass Management, Vol 7, Num 4, August/September 2005
Pictures, b/w
Tables
Maps |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Harman, G. E., E. B. Nelson, K. L. Ondik, and B. G. G. Donzelli. 2005. Diversity and biology of the dollar spot organism, Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, and its implications. USGA Turfgrass Environ. Res. Online. 4(4):p. [1-9]. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://usgatero.msu.edu/v04/n04.pdf
Last checked: 02/2005
Requires: PDF Reader |
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MSU catalog number: SB 433 .A1 A65 [online] |
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