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| Web URL(s): | http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_2005.pdf#page=148
Last checked: 07/22/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Judge, C. A.;
Neal, J. C.;
Burton, M. G. |
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| Author Affiliation: | North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC |
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| Title: | Photoperiod regulation of Japanese stiltgrass flowering and implications on seed maturation and management |
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| Section: | Weed biology and ecology
Other records with the "Weed biology and ecology" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Capital Hilton, Washington, D.C.: January 3-6, 2005 |
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| Source: | Proceedings: NortheasternWeed Science Society. Vol. 59, 2005, p. 134. |
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| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, NY: Northeastern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Photoperiod; Microstegium vimineum; Flowering; Maturation; Weed profile; Weed control; Temperatures; Age
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Japanese stiltgrass is a nonnative invasive plant species in the eastern United States. As a summer annual grass, it reproduces only by seed. Thus, management strategies must attempt to reduce or eliminate seedbank inputs. Traditional management recommendations include hand-pulling, mechanical removal (e.g., mowing), or nonselective chemical application late in the growing season but prior to flowering. However, late-season management treatments must be timed appropriately to prevent flowering and subsequent seed production. Anecdotal evidence suggests that photoperiod affects flowering of Japanese stiltgrass. Understanding how photoperiod affects flowering may allow development of floral development models useful in predicting Japanese stiltgrass flowering and required timing for late season management programs. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effect of day length, temperature, and plant age on Japanese stiltgrass flowering. The experiment was conducted in growth chambers. Japanese stillgrass seeds collected from a local research forest were surface seedeed and germinated under long days (9 hr day + 3 hr night interruption) with 26/22 C alternating temperatures. Germination occurred within 7 days, and seedlings were thinned to one plant per pot. Six single-container replications were moved 2, 6, and 10 weeks after germination to short days (9 hr day) at either a 26/22 or a 22/18 C temperature regime. Plants of various ages were used to account for the effect of plant age on flowering. The experiment was repeated and each experimental repitition was viewed as replication for statistical analysis (i.e. 2 replications). Treatments were completely randomized in each growth chamber. After flowering occurred, but prior to seed maturation (approximately 6 to 8 weeks after moving to short days), terminal and axillary inflorescences (an inflorescence consists of a spike-like raceme with one to three branches) were counted on each plant and shoot dry weight was determined. All plants exposed to short days flowered, while under long days no plants flowered during the experiment. Within each plant age treatment, shoot dry weights were greater at 26/22 than at 22/18 C (P=0.04); however, temperature did not affect inflorescence number (P=0.79). Additionally, older (and therefore larger) plants moved to short days produced more inflorescencees (Pā¤0.0001) and had greater shoot dry weights (P=ā¤0.0001) than younger and smaller plants moved to short days. Under short days at 26/22 C, inflorescence number averaged 557, 1166, and 1680 and at 22/18 C, inflorescence number averaged 749, 1127, and 1440 for plants moved to short days at 2, 6, and 10 weeks of age, respectively. In general, the more vegetative growth the plants obtained, the greater the reproductive output, in terms of inflorescence number. Thus, short days, higher temperatures (dry weight only), and greater plant age (and size) increased reproductive output of Japanese stiltgrass. These data confirm that Japanese stiltgrass flowers in response to reduced photoperiod (as simulated by the lack of a night interruption). For the last three years in central North Carolina, inflorescences have been observed on dates when photoperiod was between 11 1/2 and 12 hours. To effectively make late-season management recommendations, further observations over a larger geographic region are necessary to develop a predictive model for flowering and seed development." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Judge, C. A., J. C. Neal, and M. G. Burton. 2005. Photoperiod regulation of Japanese stiltgrass flowering and implications on seed maturation and management. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 59:p. 134. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_2005.pdf#page=148
Last checked: 07/22/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 v. 57 |
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