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| Web URL(s): | http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1987_vol41.pdf#page=71
Last checked: 07/25/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Hurtt, Woodland;
Hodgson, Richard H. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Plant Physiologists, USDA, Agric. Research Service, Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research, Ft. Detrick, Frederick, MD. |
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| Title: | Surfactant Effects on Barnyardgrass Seeds |
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| Meeting Info.: | Held: January 6-8, 1987, Williamsburg, VA. |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the 1987 Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Science Society. Vol. 41, 1987, p. 71. |
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| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, N. Y. : Northeastern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Imbibition; Surfactants; Echinochloa crusgalli; Seed germination
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Previous investigations established that polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) and monooleat (Tween 80) surfactants at concentrations up to 0.4% v/v stimulated germination of barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] spikelets (seeds) in petri dishes. In the present studies we examined the time-course of imbibition to determine if this physical process was also stimulated by Tween. We determined the effects of Tween 20, incubation temperature, and accelerated afterripening on water uptake and germination of barnyardgrass seeds. The effects of Tween 20 on germination of deglumed seeds were also examined. Seeds placed in 10-cm petri dishes containing one sheet of Whatman #3 filter paper moistened with 3.4 ml of treatment solution were incubated in germinators at several temperature and light regimes. Experiments were randomized complete blocks with five replicated treatments. Dormant seeds were imbibed in water at 25 and 30 C for 12, 24, and 48 h. They absorbed measurable quantities of water in 12 h. Water absorption was linear, amounting to 49 and 47 mg/5- seed after 48 h at 25 and 30 C, respectively. Tween 20 at 0.2% v/v increased water uptake by 20 and 13%, after 48 h at 25 and 30 C, respectively. The stimulatory effects of Tween were most pronounced during the first 24 h. Seeds that had been afterripened at 50 C to partially overcome dormancy imbibed from 82 to 96% as much water as did dormant seeds, depending on treatment and temperature. Dormant and afterripened seeds imbibed equivalent amounts of water when treated with Tween. Tween stimulated imbibition in afterripened seeds from 32 to 64%. Germination of afterripened seeds after 7 days incubation at 25/15 and 30/20 C was 0 and 6%, respectively. Tween treatments increased germination to 7 and 49%, respectively. Only 5% of the Tween-treated, dormant seeds germinated at 30/20 C. In another lot of afterripened seeds we determined that either degluming or incubation in 0.4% v/v Tween 20 increased germination more than two-fold after 7 days. This suggests that the glumes represent a primary barrier to water absorption and that Tween facilitates water movement across this barrier. These studies demonstrate that Tween 20 accelerated imbibitional water uptake in barnyardgrass seeds at different levels of dormancy. This physical effect is positively correlated with subsequent germination and operates over a range of temperatures on seeds having different levels of dormancy. Enhancement of water uptake appears to be one mechanism whereby Tween stimulates barnyardgrass germination." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Hurtt, W., and R. H. Hodgson. 1987. Surfactant Effects on Barnyardgrass Seeds. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 41:p. 71. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1987_vol41.pdf#page=71
Last checked: 07/25/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 |
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