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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Stoller, E. W.;
Sweet, R. D. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Plant Physiology, USDA-ARS, Dept. Agronomy, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. |
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| Title: | Biology and Life Cycle of Purple and Yellow Nutsedges (Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus) |
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| Source: | Weed Technology. Vol. 1, No. 1, January 1987, p. 66-73. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: Weed Science Society of America. |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Cyperus rotundus; Cyperus esculentus; Life cycle; Biology; Ecotypes; Tubers
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| Abstract/Contents: | Yellow and purple nutsedges are herbaceous perennial weeds that are among the worst pests known. While both species proliferate in the warm regions of the world, yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) inhabits a wider range than purple nutsedge (C. rotundus) in the temperate areas, primarily because yellow nutsedge can tolerate colder temperatures. Consequently, many ecotypic variations of these species would be expected since they likely have adjusted to a multitude of local environments. The biology of tuber, seed and whole plant are disucssed. In the life cycle, tubers lie dormant in the soil until stimulated to sprout, when tubers sprout, one or more rhizomes elongate vartically from tuber buds. Roots radiate horizontally from the rhizome as it grows towards the soil surface. Basal bulbs consist of a section of stem (rhizome) with compacted internodes containing meristems for roots, secondary rhizomes, leaves and the flower stalk. Several weeks after the primary shoot emerges, secondary rhizomes radiate horizontally from the basal bulb, then differentiate into secondary basal bulbs which eventually produce shoots, rhizomes, and flower stalks. Subsequently, tertiary development of higher order bulb forms the complex system subterranean, vegetative growth. As growth progresses and day length shortens in temperate climates, yellow nutsedges rhizomes differentiate into tubers. Purple nutsedge tuberization occurs all year in tropical climates. In yellow nutsedge, phoperiod influences flowering but not so in purple nutsedge. The first evidence of flowering is when the foliar tube elongates from the fascicle center. The ecotypic variation in both nutsedges are also reported. |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 69 |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Stoller, E. W., and R. D. Sweet. 1987. Biology and Life Cycle of Purple and Yellow Nutsedges (Cyperus rotundus and C. esculentus). Weed Technol. 1(1):p. 66-73. |
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