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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Kobayashi, Donald;
Thompson, David;
Guglielmoni, Mirta;
El-Barrad, Nour;
Clarke, Bruce |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Plant Pathology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey |
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| Title: | Development of bacteria as microbial pesticides to control summer patch disease: Strategies for improving biological control performances |
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| Section: | Oral presentations
Other records with the "Oral presentations" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Cook College, Rutgers, NJ: January 15-16, 1993 |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the Second Annual Rutgers TurfgrassSymposium. Vol. 2, 1993, p. 5. |
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| Publishing Information: | New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Turfgrass Science, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Pesticides; Summer patch; Disease control; Biological control; Magnaporthe poae; Pseudomonas cepacia; Serratia marcescens
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The use of microbial pesticides provides a viable alternative to synthetic pesticides in controlling plant diseases. However, the acceptance for the use of biological control has been slow in part due to inconsistent performances of biocontrol agents in field situations. Two major factors thought to contribute to observed inconsistencies include the inability of control agents to establish populations at levels necessary to achieve control, and the inability of agents to express antagonistic traits at times necessary to achieve control. We have taken approaches designed to address these problems in developing bacteria as biocontrol agents for controlling summer patch disease of turfgrass, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe poae. Approaches such as isolating bacteria with the ability to colonize turfgrass roots have been used to address the problem of establishing control agents in high populations at the target site. Candidate control agents have been isolated which have the ability to establish and persist in high populations where the pathogen survives and infects the host. Approaches to improving expression of antagonistic traits have been taken using bacteria expressing antibiotic-like compounds or hydrolytic enzymes that are active against the fungus. Expression of an antifungal compound in Pseudomonas cepacia and chitinase production in Serratia marcescens are currently being studied at the molecular level to understand and investigate the potential for controlling their expression in bacteria. A third mechanism currently being developed for biocontrol against summer patch involves the isolation of bacteria that affects melanin production in the fungus. Although the functional role(s) for melanin has not been determined in M. poae, melanin is known to be important in pathogenicity of certain plant pathogens, including the related species Magnaporthe grisea. In addition, melanin has been recognized for several years to play an important role in fungal cell wall resistance to microbial degradation. Both roles for melanin would prove useful in targeted approaches for control. Thus, bacteria which either degrade melanin or prevent melanin biosynthesis in the fungus could potentially be utilized to improve biocontrol strategies for the disease. These strategies are currently being investigated by combining bacteria in treatments as well as by molecular approaches." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Kobayashi, D., D. Thompson, M. Guglielmoni, N. El-Barrad, and B. Clarke. 1993. Development of bacteria as microbial pesticides to control summer patch disease: Strategies for improving biological control performances. Proc. Annu. Rutgers Turfgrass Symp. 2:p. 5. |
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MSU catalog number: SB 433 .R88 |
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