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| Web URL(s): | https://gsrpdf.lib.msu.edu/?file=/2000s/2008/080301.pdf
Last checked: 01/26/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Professional |
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| Author(s): | Gross, Patrick J. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Director, Southwest Region, United States Golf Association Green Section |
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| Title: | A step-by-step guide for using recycled water: An outline of the costs and maintenance practices necessary to manage this valuable resource |
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| Source: | USGA Green Section Record. Vol. 46, No. 2, March/April 2008, p. Cover, 1-8. |
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| Publishing Information: | Far Hills, NJ: United States Golf Association, Green Section |
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| # of Pages: | 9 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Effluent water; Water resources; Water conservation; Irrigation water quality; Soil testing; Water testing; Water treatments; Salts; Aeration; Drainage; Topdressing; Soil fertility; Soil amendments; Quality; Playability; Retrofitting; Ponds; Costs; Soil salinity; Leaching; Irrigation systems; Turf maintenance
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| Abstract/Contents: | States that "as the water crunch becomes more severe in various regions of the United States, there is a heightened awareness that conservation and the use of recycled water are necessary and viable alternatives for the irrigation of golf courses and large turf areas." Recommends regular soil testing as "the main concerns with recycled water are the increased levels of soluble salts, sodium, bicarbonates, and heavy metals that can have a negative impact on soil structures and directly affect sensitive turfgrass species and landscape plants." Suggests that "water sampling should be performed at least four times per year, and soil sampling a minimum of two times per year, including representative samples from tees, greens, and fairways." States that "the need from treatment and the specific method depend on an analysis of the soil and water by an independent laboratory familiar with saline and sodiac conditions." Explains that "due to the higher levels of total dissolved salts, sodium, and other constituents, the application of extra water over and above normal irrigation requirements (leaching) typically is required to preserve healthy turf growth." Suggests that "soil salinity must be monitored in the field before and after leaching to determine if salts have been moved effetively beyond the rootzone." Suggests that "aeration frequency needs to be increased, especially in spring and early summer" and that "the installation of drainage inlets and subsurface drainpipe can help to remove...excess water and prevent the toxic buildup of salts and sodium." Discusses fertility and soil amendments, explaining that "the incorporation of gypsum in conjunction with aeration and leaching helps to preserve soil structure." Explains that wetting agents "help to maintain good water infiltration and percolation, helping flush salts and sodium away from the turfgrass rootzone." States that "due to the sensitive nature of Poa annua and creeping bentgrass putting greens, many courses have reconfigured the irrigation system to include a separate supply line to deliver potable water to the greens." Concludes that "there need to be adjustments in budgets, management practices, and golfer expectations if recycled water is to be used effectively." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 9 |
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| See Also: | Other items relating to: Soil Salinity
Other items relating to: Water Conservation - Golf
Other items relating to: Salinity Management For Cool Season Grasses
Other items relating to: Effluent Water Use |
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| Note: | Reprint appears in International Turfgrass Bulletin, Vol. 241 July 2008, p. 8-16
Pictures, color |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Gross, P. J. 2008. A step-by-step guide for using recycled water: An outline of the costs and maintenance practices necessary to manage this valuable resource. USGA Green Sec. Rec. 46(2):p. Cover, 1-8. |
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Last checked: 01/26/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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MSU catalog number: b2200469a |
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