Full TGIF Record # 14307
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Content Type:Abstract or Summary only
Author(s):Smith, H. Ray; Chandler, J. M.
Author Affiliation:CIBA-GEIGY Corp. and Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Respectively
Title:Fall Applications of Atrazine for Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Control and Residual Activity in a Wheat-Sorghum Rotation.
Source:Southern Weed Science Society Proceedings. Vol. 40, January 1987, p. 367.
Publishing Information:Nashville, TN: Southern Weed Science Society.
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Lolium perenne; Atrazine; Control; Residual effects; Sorghum halepense; Metolachlor
Abstract/Contents:"Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) germinates from early fall to late winter on over 2 million acres in the east Texas Blackland Prairie. It reduces wheat yields (Tricticum aestivum L.), competes for moisture and nutrients, and costs the farmer up to $35.00 per acre for tillage operations during the winter fallow period. Field experiments were initiated in the fall of 1985 at four locations to determine the optimum atrazine rate for ryegrass control and it's residual effect on subsequent crops. Atrazine was applied at 1.37, 1.65, and 2.75 kg/ha as a preemergence or early postemergence treatment in November 1985. Preemrgence application of atrazine at 1.32 to 1.54 (kg/ha), metolachlor at 1.65 to 1.92 (kg/ha), metolachlor plus atrazine at 1.65 + 1.32 to 1.92 + 1.54 kg/ha were made to grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.] in March 1986. Soil samples for atarzine residue were taken in March prior to planting of grain sorghum, and again in August prior to planting of wheat. In the Brazos River bottom on the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Agronomy Farm fall preemergence applications of atrazine at all rates provided 95 to 99% control of ryegrass and good tolerance to grain sorghum and corn. Spring soil analyses for atrazine showed detectable residues of 0.09 ppm across all rates. Soil samples taken in August following a fall application, plus a spring application of atrazine showed no detectable residues. This was also substantiated by the fact that fall wheat was not injured. Cotton was not adequately tolerant to prior fall applications of atrazine. Experiments in farmer fields in east Texas, showed similar results. Atrazine applied in the fall, provided 95% control of ryegrass and provided excellent residual activity for summer broadleaf weeds without grain sorghum injury. Johnsongrass control was enhanced with spring application of metolachlor. The data suggests that fall applications of atrazine at 1.37 to 1.65 kg/ha will effectively and economically control ryegrass and other winter weeds in a wheat-grain sorghum rotation. Research is under way to determine the exact economics of this program, the optimum time for herbicide application, and the effect on subsequent crop selectivity and weed control."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Smith, H. R., and J. M. Chandler. 1987. Fall Applications of Atrazine for Ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Control and Residual Activity in a Wheat-Sorghum Rotation.. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 40:p. 367.
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