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| Web URL(s): | https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/64/4/395/234228/
Last checked: 02/27/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Lanning, F. C.;
Eleuterius, L. N. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Dept. of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS; and Botany Section, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, MS, respectively. |
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| Title: | Silica Deposition in Some C3 and C4 Species of Grasses, Sedges and Composites in the USA |
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| Source: | Annals of Botany. Vol. 64, No. 4, October 1989, p. 395-410. |
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| Publishing Information: | London, Oxford University Press |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Silicon; Species; Panicum repens; Panicum
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| Abstract/Contents: | "We report new information on silica deposition in 15 plant species, including nine grasses, two sedges and four composites. The silica depositional patterns found in seven of the grass species indicate that they are C4 plants. However the festucoid grass Cortaderia selloana is a C3 plant with long leaf trichomes and oval silica structures in the leaves. In contrast the panicoid C4 grasses Chasmathium latifolium, Chasmathium sessiflorum, Imperata cylindrica, Panicum repens, Panicum commutatum and Setaria magna, all produce dumb-bell-shaped silica structures in the leaves. The chlorodoid grasses Spartina patens and Spartina cynosuroides have saddle-shaped structures and no dumb-bell or oval shaped ones. The sedges Rhynchospora plumosa and Scirpus cyperinus were found to have oval phytoliths and may be C3 plants. Our examination of these and other grasses strongly suggests that C4 grasses tend to produce the same type of silica cells. Grasses and sedges with C3 type photosynthesis tend to produce oval silica structures. The composite Grindelia squarrosa and sunflowers Helianthus angustifolia, Helianthur atrorubens and Helianthus tuberosus absorb relatively small amounts of silicon and larger amounts of calcium, where both elements deposit in leaf trichomes. We found no clear indicator for the C3 sunflowers or C4 types in the Asteraceae. Helianthus tuberosus leaves have many trichomes on the adaxial surface. These trichomes have a higher concentration of silica than the surrounding leaf surface. Helianthur tuberosus leaves had much higher ash and silica contents than those of Helianthus angustifolia and Helianthur atrorubens. The composite Grindelia squarrosa has a usual deposition of silica in the basal cells around the guard cells. Silica deposition often reflects the surface features of a leaf. An exception is Scipus cyperinus where the silica structures are deep in the tissue and do not reflect the surface configurations. The inflorescence of Setaria magna had a 14.64 silica content. The tufts of white, silky hairs characteristic of Imperata cylindrica inflorescence have no silica." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 32 |
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| Note: | Pictures: b/w.
Tables
Figures |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Lanning, F. C., and L. N. Eleuterius. 1989. Silica Deposition in Some C3 and C4 Species of Grasses, Sedges and Composites in the USA. Ann. Bot. 64(4):p. 395-410. |
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| Web URL(s):
https://academic.oup.com/aob/article/64/4/395/234228/
Last checked: 02/27/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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MSU catalog number: QK 1 .A53 |
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