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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.011 |
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| Web URL(s): | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071712000636#
Last checked: 01/23/2013
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Bello, Diana;
Trasar-Cepeda, Carmen;
Leirós, M. Carmen;
Gil-Sotres, Fernando |
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| Author Affiliation: | Bello and Trasar-Cepeda: Departmento de Bioquímica del Suelo, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Leirós and Gil-Sotres: Departmento de Edafología y Química y Agrícola, Grupo de Evaluación de la Calidad del Suelo, Faculitad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Spain |
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| Title: | Modification of enzymatic activity in soils of contrasting pH contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol |
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| Section: | Enzymes in the environment IV
Other records with the "Enzymes in the environment IV" Section
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| Source: | Soil Biology & Biochemistry. Vol. 56, January 2013, p. 80-86. |
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| Publishing Information: | Oxford, United Kingdom: Pergamon Press |
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| # of Pages: | 7 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: 2,4-DB; Acidic soils; Alkaline soils; Chlorophenol herbicides; Evaluations; Legislation; Organic matter; Soil properties; Toxicity; pH
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| Abstract/Contents: | "According to previous studies, acidic soils may receive larger quantities of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) than the concentrations indicated in the prevailing legislation for defining a soil as contaminated, without any important changes in their biochemical properties. In this study, we investigated whether neutral or slightly alkaline soils behave in the same way as acidic soils in response to contamination by these compounds. For this purpose, a large number of acidic soils (pH between 4.2 and 5.9) and calcareous soils (pH between 6.5 and 8.0) were contaminated in the laboratory with different doses of 2,4-DCP (up to 10,000 times the GRL) and of 2,4,5-TCP (up to 500 times the GRL). After an incubation period of three days, the activities of several enzymes (dehydrogenase, catalase, ß-glucosidase and phosphomonoesterase) were measured in the soils. The effects of 2,4,5-TCP were much greater than those of 2,4-DCP in both the acidic and calcareous soils, regardless of the dose applied. Phosphomonoesterase and ß-glucosidase activities were scarcely affected by either of the contaminants in any of the soils, whereas the catalase activity decreased slightly. The dehydrogenase and urease activities were strongly affected in all soils and in some cases even disappeared, particularly after the application of 2,4,5-TCP. Multiple regression analysis of the percentage reductions in dehydrogenase and urease activities in relation to contaminant dose and different soil properties indicated that the reduction in enzyme activity depended, in decreasing order, on the dose of contaminant applied, total carbon content and soil pH. We suggest that the processes that regulate the toxicity of these compounds in soils are their adsorption by soil organic matter and the dissociation of the non-adsorbed compound into phenolate ions (which are toxic to microorganisms). In fact, the chlorophenols scarcely affected the biochemical properties of the soils under study because of their high organic matter contents (A horizons with total carbon contents of up to 11%). Moreover, both chlorophenols had slightly stronger effects on the calcareous soils than on the acidic soils, probably because the dissociation process was favoured at higher pH. On the other hand, the 2,4,5-TCP had stronger effects on soil biochemical properties than 2,4-DCP, which may be explained by the lower pKa value of 2,4,5-TCP (6.9) than that of 2,4-DCP (7.9). The results show that the GRL values established by the legislation are not appropriate for either of these chlorophenol compounds." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 48 |
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| Note: | Tables
Graphs |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Bello, D., C. Trasar-Cepeda, M. C. Leirós, and F. Gil-Sotres. 2013. Modification of enzymatic activity in soils of contrasting pH contaminated with 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol. Soil Biol. Biochem. 56:p. 80-86. |
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| DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.02.011 |
| Web URL(s):
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038071712000636#
Last checked: 01/23/2013
Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website
http://pdn.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=MiamiImageURL&_cid=271195&_user=1111158&_pii=S0038071712000636&_check=y&_origin=article&_zone=toolbar&_coverDate=2013--31&view=c&originContentFamily=serial&wchp=dGLzVlV-zSkWz&md5=ab7f5e1ea8fffda95e3c80687a07a60c&pid=1-s2.0-S0038071712000636-main.pdf
Last checked: 02/05/2013
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Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
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MSU catalog number: b2217194 |
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