Full TGIF Record # 218842
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Web URL(s):http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1998/61826,%20U%20Nebraska, Riordan, management.PDF
    Last checked: 04/19/2013
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Report
Material Type:Manuscript
Monographic Author(s):Westerholt, Steve; Riordan, Terrance R.; Gaussoin, Roch; Baxendale, Fred; Fei, Shuizhang; Wit, Leonard A.; Frank, Kevin; Yu, Taotao; Moss, Tiffany M.; Shearman, Robert C.; Klucas, Robert V.; Horst, Garald L.; Watkins, John E.; Yuen, Gary Y.; Weinhold, Tony P.; Witkowski, Jeff W.; Fry, Jack D.; Johnson, Paul G.
Author Affiliation:Westerholt: Project Coordinator; Riordan: Professor, Horticulture, Turfgrass Breeding; Gaussoin: Assoc. Professor, Horticulture, Ext. Turfgrass Specialist; Baxendale: Professor, Entomology; Fei: Ph.D. Post-Doctoral Associate; Wit: Supervisor, JSA Turfgrass Facility; Frank and Yu: Ph.D. Graduate Student, Horticulture; Moss: Ph.D. Graduate Student, Entomology; Shearman: Professor, Horticulture; Klucas: Professor, Biochemistry; Horst: Professor, Turfgrass Physiology; Watkins: Professor; Yuen: Associate Professor, Plant Pathology; Weinhold: Technician, Entomology; Witkowski: Technician, Horticulture; Fry: Associate Professor, Kansas State University; and Johnson: Associate Professor, Utah State University
Monograph Title:Germplasm Development for Buffalograss Varieties; Management Practices for Golf Courses Roughs, Fairways, and Tees Using Buffalograss: 1998 Annual Report, 1998.
Publishing Information:Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska-Lincoln
# of Pages:21
Collation:2, 19 pp.
Abstract/Contents:"Seeded Releases: NTG is considering the possibility of selling NTG-5, which was included in the 1991 NTEP Trial, and they are looking at NTG-7 and FW-3 (a low mowing tolerant experimental) for future release and production. Vegetative Releases: Patents have been filed for new releases NE 86-61, NE 86-120 and NE 91-118, but have not been granted. Official UNL release statements have been completed and these cultivars are included in the 1996 NTEP Buffalograss Trial. NE 91-118 has been vegetatively increased at Crenshaw Turf (CT) located at Poteet, Texas. Todd Valley Farms located at Mead, NE, bought a new farm and planted 35 acres of NE 86-61. Crenshaw Turf, Inc. Update: Crenshaw Turf (CT) has purchased Ellsberry Sod in Florida and Milberger Sod in Bay City, Texas. They continue to grow and have positive growth plans for production of buffalograss and other southern turf species. Todd Valley Farms: Sales have continued to increase for '378' from Todd Valley Farms (TVF), but TVF now has a greater role developing the buffalograss market in the Northern United States. UNL, CT and TVF are working cooperatively on the development of our new releases. Summary of Breeding Work: Overall, the levels of performance continue to improve with each generation of selection. Newly release cultivars continue to show their superiority over older varieties with improved sod strength, color, quality, and density. Accessions from fairway maintained areas look very promising and show continuing improvements towards a high quality, low maintenance fairway turf. The top performers in the Nebraska National Buffalograss trial were 91-118 and 86-61, which are being commercialized. The seeded varieties Cody and Tatanka showed little differentiation during the first year of this study. However, in 1998 the advance-seeded types began to show better performance than the common types like Texoka. Evaluation for Low-mowing and Wear tolerance: Under low mowing and no wear the female close 92-135, which outperformed all other entries in 1997, performed very well again in 1998 along with female clone 92-31. However, two male clones, 92-141 and 92-116, had the best overall performance in 1998. All seed established experimentals exhibited average color and quality characteristics. The trial did have a number of promising male and female clones. Under wear results indicated that make and monoecious clones exhibited the most damage and wear tolerance of female cultivars was significantly better than males, but not as good as for mixed seeded types. Fertility and Mowing Effects on Buffalograss: At the Nebraska site, NE 91-118 and 378 had the highest quality ratings at the 2.5 cm mowing heights for years 1996-1998. Cod y and Texoka has poor quality ratings at the 2.5 cm mowing heights for all years. In 1998, NE 91-118, 378, and Cody had the highest quality ratings at the 5.1 cm mowing height. At the 7.6 cm mowing height Cody and Texoka had the highest quality rating in 1997 but Cody and 378 had the highest quality ratings in 1998. From 1997 to 1998 several trends are evident. First, turfgrass quality decreased from 1997 to 1998 for all cultivars at the 0, 2.4, and 5.0 g N m-2 rates. At 10 g N m-2, NE 91-118 and 378 had higher quality in 1998 than in 1997. All cultivars had improved quality ratings in 1998 at the 20 g N m-2 rate. Quality ratings in 1998 were poor (ie. <6) for all cultivars at 0, 2.4, and 5.0 g N m-2 rates. At 10 g N m-2 NE 91-118, 378, and Cody had good turfgrass quality. Management recommendations for 378 and NE 91-118 are 2.5 or 5.1 cm mowing heights and a nitrogen rate of 10 g N m-2 year-1. Recommendations for Cody and Texoka are 5.1 or 7.6 cm mowing heights and a nitrogen rate of 10 g N m-2 year-1. Nitrogen Partitioning in Turfgrass: Field experiments to determine the fate of nitrogen fertilizer applied to three turfgrass species were initiated in 1997 at the John Seaton Anderson Turfgrass Research Facility near Mead, Nebraska. Fate of fertilizer nitrogen will be followed in buffalograss Kentucky bluegrass, and tall fescue. Established turfgrass plots of two cultivars of buffalograss, NE 91-118 and NE 86-120, a blend of Kentucky bluegrass and a blend of tall fescue. The total amount of actual nitrogen that will be applied each year to a 9 m2 plot is 0, 10, and 20 g N m-2. For Kentucky bluegrass and tall fescue 80% of evapotranspiration will be returned every four days and for buffalograss 60% of evapotranspiration will be returned weekly. Plots will be randomly sampled prior to each fertilizer application to analyze for nitrogen content in plant and soil fractions. A Giddeon Soil Probe will be used to extract six cores (5 cm diameter) to a depth of 62 cm. Cores will be divided into thatch, verdure, roots, and soil components. The soil cores will be partitioned to four depths: 0 to 8, 8 to 16, 16 to 32, and 32 to 62 cm. After partitioning the cores by depth, the six samples will be composited, mixed thoroughly, and analyzed for total N, NH4+-N, NO3--Nm and N-isotope ratio. Buffalograss Resistance to Chinch Bugs: The initial phase of this research involved developing screening methods and evaluating selected buffalograss germplasm for resistance to B. occiduus. Eleven buffalograss cultivars/selections ('Cody', 'Bonnie Brae', 'Tatanka', 'Texoka', NE 91-118, NE 86-120, NE 86-61, '315', '378', '609', and NE 84-45-3) were selected for resistance to B. occiduus in 2 greenhouse trials. Using chinch bug numbers and plant damage ratings to assess levels of resistance, the 11 buffalograss cultivars/selections were separated into categories of resistance. 'Cody' and 'Tatanka' consistently exhibited high levels of resistance to chinch bug feeding, while 'Bonnie Brae' and NE 91-118 showed high to moderate levels of resistance. Other cultivars/selections, including '378', '315', NE 84-45-3, and NE 86-61, were moderately to highly susceptible. 'Cody' and 'Tatanka' maintained acceptable turf quality although both became heavily infested with chinch bugs. This suggests tolerance may be a mechanism for resistance. Studies designed to characterize the mechanisms of resistance are currently underway. Antixenosis experiments have revealed chinch bug preference for 'Texoka', NE 86-120, and 'Bonnie Brae'. Other cultivars/selections such as, '609' and NE 91-118 are rarely preferred."
Language:English
References:0
See Also:See also related summary article, "Management practices for golf course roughs, fairways, and tees using buffalograss", 1998 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 1998, p. 24, R=61826. R=61826
Note:Also appears as pp. 352-372 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 1998.
"United States Golf Association Research Summary and Annual Report: 1998"
"A USGA/University of Nebraska Research Project Initiated February, 1993"
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