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| Web URL(s): | https://listings.lib.msu.edu/nttfd/1951.pdf#page=36
Last checked: 01/16/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | DeFrance, Jesse |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Agronomy, Rhode Island Experiment Station, Kingston, Rhode Island |
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| Title: | [A list of accomplished work in grass mixtures, seedings, fungicide and crabgrass cotrol] |
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| Meeting Info.: | October 7-9, 1951 |
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| Source: | Proceedings of National Turf Field Days. 1951, p. 36-39. |
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| Publishing Information: | West Point, Pennsylvania: West Point Lawn Products |
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| # of Pages: | 4 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Evaluations; Fungicide efficacy; Fungicide evaluation; Herbicide efficacy; Herbicide evaluation; Nutritional requirements; Research priorities; Seed mixtures; Weed control
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| Abstract/Contents: | "This work has been accomplished with the help of Jimmy Simmons and Charlie Allen. 1. Chemical treatment of seed beds for weed control and the effect on subsequent plantings of grasses at various intervals after treatment. Cyanamid at 35 and 50 pounds to the thousand square foot gave excellent control of weeds and excellent stands of grass when seedings were made three and four weeks after treatments. Other chemicals show promise when seedings were made at the time of application. Surface applications on level areas appeared as satisfactory as ranking in the chemicals. 2. Lime and compost requirements of velvet bent putting green turf. Compressability [compressibility] notes indicated slight differences in the degree of sponginess between the lime and no lime plots. Although evidence is far from conclusive, it appears that limestone is aiding in the decomposition of plant residues that contribute to undesirable sponginess. Compost was found to be a factor also. Plots receiving applications of 1/3 cubic yard per thousand square feet of compost mixtures applied two timed during the season were less spongy thanplots receiving ¼ cubic yard of compost or plot receiving no compost. Unsterilized compost was a source of crabgrass seed. Increasing the rates of application of limestone increased the crabgrass content of the respective plots. Limestone had a reverse effect on copperspot disease. The more limestone, used the less copperspot. It is planned to modify this project to study the effect of aerification on sponginess of turf. 3. Water soluble mercurials and other chemicals for crabgrass control. Crabgrass control studies were conducted with water soluble mercurials- potassium cyanate, sodium arsenite and some other chemicals and combinations. Phenyl mercury combinations gave excellent control and discoloration of the basic turf grasses was not objectionable at any time. No turf injury was observed. Potassium cyanate and sodium arsenite gave fair control. Maleic hydrazide did not give good control and was injurious to the basic turf grasses. Combinations of phenyl mercury acetate and petroleum products were studied as crabgrass herbicides. The materials in combination form were superior in the control of crabgrass than the petroleum products as individual treatments. 4. A study of the compatibility of nurse grasses with pure and mixed seedings of the basic turf grasses under heights of 3/4 cut of and 1 ½ inches. The addition of a nurse grass did not aid in the establishment of a dense, vigorous turf. The addition of a nurse grass did not reduce the weed population or improve the general appearance of the turf with regard to turf quality factors or drought resistance. The addition of ryegrass did not hasten the initial stand or improve the quality of the turf. Heights of cut and density influenced to persistence of the nurse grass. In at turf mowed a 11/2 inches perennial ryegrass was in greater abundance than when it was at 3/4 inch cut. Turf mowed at 3/4 inch height of cut was superior in quality factors and drought resistance and appearance and more satisfactory than turf mowed at 1 1/2 inches. The closer cut turf had less disease, less smothering out and less winter injury. Throughout the six year test, which is concluded this year, a mixture of Kentucky bluegrass, a good strain of red fescue and a good strain of Colonial bent produced the highest quality turf. 5. Rhode Island bentgrass selection. From 352 plots selected previously from 5000 selections, eight improved strains were found, selected, planted in rows for seed production. The plots from which these selections were made have been maintained at a height of one inch receiving only minimum maintenance with no irrigation, weed or disease control. A similar crop of seed sufficient for increase was harvested this year. 6. Fungicide trials. I have a report that was prepared by Dr. Howard in that respect. It is as follows. Severe dollarspot injury on Toronto creeping bent provided the only significant comparison of fungicidal chemicals tried. Although the degree of injury varied for the treatments on the dates when notes were taken, the data of September 18 are typical. The five duplicate areas where no fungicide was applied averaged about 30% kill. Where the new fungicides-Orthacide SR406-was applied, the plots received 60% kill. That was not due to chemical injury but entirely caused by the fungus. This increase in disease where an otherwise good fungicide was applied is a cause for speculation. Tersan 75 applied according to the manufacturers directions permitted about 10% of the grass to be killed by dollarspot. The top form materials were Crag 531, Actidione, Cadminate and Calo-clor. The Cadminate and Crag 531 provided almost unblemished turf. This was also true of the Actidione until the last application was made during cool weather in late September. The experiment to determine the relation of nitrogen application and lushness of growth to the damage of brownpatch failed to yield the hoped for results. Brownpatch did not develop on the Colonial bent plots. Observations of the plots indicate that about five pounds of nitrogen in the form of Milorganite per thousand square feet per season was about optimum. The plots receiving no nitrogen had the highest percentage of crabgrass. Helminthosporium blights are not recognized as our most serious turf disease. Some may cause spotting of turf similar to that of dollarspot while others cause a general melting out or leaf yellowing over large areas. Observations to date indicate that mercurials either as phenyl mercury or mercury chloride are the only chemicals that will prevent or control them. To affirm the observations of others, while the application of fungicide as sprays is more effective, dry applications with sand causes less injury to the turf. Thus during hot weather when showers are more frequent and some disease spots appear, these can perhaps best be touched up with a little dry fungicide. That is the end of Dr. Howard's report on the fungicide trials. 7. Other projects with regard to chickweed and annual bluegrass control have given varying results with various chemicals. 8. Pure seedings and mixtures of warm and cool-season turf mixtures are under study on a turf roadway maintained at two heights of cut. 9. Improved selections of putting green grasses are under study in a practical putting green test. 10. A series of individual grasses and mixtures is under study with respect to shade tolerance. 11. A study of a comparison of Astoria, Rhode Island and Highland Colonial bent fertilized with different levels of nitrogen was started in 1951. 12. A 10 foot strip through the center of all the putting green plots was treated for disease prevention and control. Five treatments at 3/4 to 1 ½ ounces of PMAS in five gallons of water per thousand square feet at 10 to 20 day intervals gave excellent control of disease and perfect control of crabgrass. 13. Fairway and lawn plots planted with various individual grasses and mixtures indicated B-27 Merion bluegrass to be superior to other bluegrasses. Astoria and Rhode Island Colonial bents were superior to Highland Colonial. 14. Zoysia Z-52 continued to be hardy, was mowed at a height of one inch, appears to be definitely a hot weather grass, goes off color in early October and greens up again the following June. U-3 bermuda did not prove hardy. However, further testing will be conducted. 15. The highly advertised midget grass which is supposed to end lawn turf problems appears to be nothing more than the little weed pearl-wort often observed in putting green turf." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
DeFrance, J. 1951. [A list of accomplished work in grass mixtures, seedings, fungicide and crabgrass cotrol]. Proc. Natl. Turf Field Days. p. 36-39. |
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https://listings.lib.msu.edu/nttfd/1951.pdf#page=36
Last checked: 01/16/2017
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MSU catalog number: b2170670 |
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