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| Web URL(s): | http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2004%20Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=195
Last checked: 07/16/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | McElroy, J. S.;
Yelverton, F. H.;
Gannon, T. W.;
Wilcut, J. W. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Crop Science Department, NC State University, Raleigh, NC |
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| Title: | Soil vs. foliar exposure of herbicides to perennial sedges and implications for control in turfgrass systems |
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| Section: | Weed management in turf crops
Other records with the "Weed management in turf crops" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Memphis, Tennessee: January 26-28, 2004 |
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| Source: | Proceedings: Southern Weed Science Society: 57th Annual Meeting. Vol. 57, 2004, p. 97. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, Illinois: Southern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Chemical exposure; Comparisons; Cyperaceae; Foliar uptake; Halosulfuron; Herbicide efficacy; Herbicide evaluation; Non-target effects; Sulfonylurea herbicides; Trifloxysulfuron
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Recent problems have been observed with respect to movement of sulfonylurea herbicides on to non-target species, namely intolerant cool-season grasses. Herbicide movement has been through tracking by machinery or foot traffic, or lateral movement through mass water flow. To mitigate such problems, some sulfonylurea herbicides have been labeled with recommendation to provide light, frequent irrigation to move the herbicides off the leaf surface and into the soil. Such a tactic will increase rhizome and root exposure to the herbicide, thus increasing the potential for uptake from the soil. While uptake of sulfonylurea herbicides is largely foliar, research has pointed out the potential benefits of uptake from the soil. Research was conducted to evaluate variation in efficacy when halosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron are applied to the foliage and/or soil. Two separate studies were conducted; the first utilized purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) and yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus), the second green kyllinga (Kyllinga brevifolia) and false-green kyllinga (Kyllinga gracillima). Both studies included trifloxysulfuron at 10 g ai/A plus 0.25% v/v NIS, while the Kyllinga spp. study evaluated halosulfuron at 27 g ai/A plus 0.25% v/v NIS as well. Nutsedge species were propagated from tubers and Kyllinga spp. from rhizomes. Propagation parts were planted at a 2cm depth in 400 mL pots. Soil medium was a 1:1 v/v mixture of Norfolk loamy fine sand and sand. Plants were irrigated and fertilized as needed and allowed to mature for 6 wks before experiment initiation. Herbicide treatments were applied in one of three placement levels: soil + foliar-, soil-, and foliar-applied. Soil + foliar-applied treatments were made using moving-belt sprayer calculated to deliver 20 GPA. Foliar-applied treatments were made in the same fashion, but a layer of activated charcoal was applied to the soil surface before application, and removed after the herbicide had dried on the leaf surface. Soil-applied treatments were made by calculating the amount of herbicide that would contact the pot surface in a soil + foliar-applied treatment, that amount was diluted in 10 mL of water, containing the correct surfactant amount and syringe-applied to the pot soil surface. All plants were clipped at the soil surface 30 d after treatment (DAT). Regrowth was evaluated after 60 DAT, with measurements of shoot number and weight, and root weight taken. Measurements were transformed to a percent decrease/increase relative to the nontreated before analysis. Data were subjected to ANOVA (P = 0.05) and means separated by Fishers LSD. No difference in yellow and purple nutsedge were observed, therefore data were pooled over nutsedge species. Soil- and soil + foliar-applied trifloxysulfuron reduced yellow and purple nutsedge shoot weight (100 and 85%, respectively) greater than the foliar applied (54%) 60 DAT. Similar differences in yellow and purple nutsedge root weight reduction were observed; however while soil-applied trifloxysulfuron reduced shoot number greater than foliar-applied, soil + foliarapplied reduced shoot number an intermediate amount. Differences were observed in green and false-green kyllinga, and halosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron. Soil + foliar-applied halosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron reduced green kyllinga shoot number (63 and 100%, respectively) greater than foliar- and soil-applied (both <=40%). All treatments decreased false-green kyllinga shoot number similarly (>=84%). Similar patterns among placement levels were seen for halosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron reduction of green and false-green kyllinga shoot and root weight. These data indicate that herbicide exposure to the soil is necessary to maximize control of yellow and purple nutsedge, and green kyllinga by halosulfuron and trifloxysulfuron." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | "The changing world of weed science"
This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
McElroy, J. S., F. H. Yelverton, T. W. Gannon, and J. W. Wilcut. 2004. Soil vs. foliar exposure of herbicides to perennial sedges and implications for control in turfgrass systems. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 57:p. 97. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2004%20Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=195
Last checked: 07/16/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: b2207931 |
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