Full TGIF Record # 225782
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Web URL(s):http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2009 Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=85
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Author(s):Bailey, K. L.; Falk, S.; Lombardo, S.
Author Affiliation:Bailey: Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Falk and Lombardo: The Scotts Company, Marysville, OH
Title:Status of Phoma macrostoma, a bioherbicide for broadleaved weed control in turfgrass
Section:IBG workshop
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Meeting Info.:Orlando, Florida: February 9-12, 2009
Source:2009 Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society. Vol. 62, 2009, p. 15.
Publishing Information:Champaign, Illinois: Southern Weed Science Society
# of Pages:1
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Application rates; Biological herbicides; Cirsium arvense; Phoma macrostoma; Preemergence weed control; Taraxacum officinale
Abstract/Contents:"Phoma macrostoma is a fungus that was isolated from Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) plants growing in several provinces in Canada. When applied to the soil, the fungus caused the Canada thistle plants to turn white and die. Host range testing showed that several dicotyledonous plants were susceptible but monocotyledonous plants were resistant. Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) is another weed species that was highly susceptible to the fungus in preliminary greenhouse tests where emerging weed seedlings were killed more quickly than established plants. The objective of this study was to determine the least effective rate of the bioherbicide as a pre-emergent weed control for dandelion in turfgrass. Phoma macrostoma was grown using a solid state fermentation process and formulated as a granule for broadcast application as a pre-emergent bioherbicide. A mixture of grass seed (2.84 g/ m2) and dandelion seed (0.3 g/m2) were broadcast to 0.25 m2 plots where the soil had been tilled, raked, and lightly packed. The bioherbicide was applied at sowing at rates ranging from 4X, 2X, 1X, ½X, ¼X, 1/8X, and 0X. The experiments were conducted as a RCBD with 4 replications at five sites in Canada and one in the USA. Three trials were conducted for estimating dose response, six trials were conducted to obtain information comparing field formulations at various rates, and six other trials were used to evaluate crop tolerance to the bioherbicide. Data were collected on symptom expression (0-5 scale) and the percentage weed control using the Abbotts's transformation to express treated plots relative to the untreated control. At rates greater than 1X, 100% weed control was attained in all trials and there was no harm to the grass. At the 1X rate, there was 80-100% weed control in 67% of the trials applying this rate, 60-80% control in 24% of the trials, and less than 60% control in 9% trials. At the 1/2X rate, there was 80-100% weed control in 29% of the trials, 60-80% control in 41% of the trials and less than 60% control in 30% of the trials. At the lower rates, there was less than 60% weed control in about 80% of the trials. The rate at which control was obtained over the season depended on the year and location. The maximum level of control was usually obtained by 28 days after application in 12 of 15 trials. In 3 trials, the maximum control was achieved by 42-56 days after applications. Control of emerging seedlings lasted throughout the season. For consistent pre-emergent weed control over multiple environments and years, the 1X application is recommended. The pre-emergent application would be suitable for preventing weed establishment and eliminating seeds germinating from the weed seed bank."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Bailey, K. L., S. Falk, and S. Lombardo. 2009. Status of Phoma macrostoma, a bioherbicide for broadleaved weed control in turfgrass. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 62:p. 15.
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http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2009 Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=85
    Last checked: 07/25/2013
    Requires: PDF Reader
    Notes: Item is within a single large file
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