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| Web URL(s): | http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2011 Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=188
Last checked: 08/05/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Hoyle, J. A.;
McElroy, J. S.;
Guertal, E. A. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Auburn University, Auburn, AL |
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| Title: | Soil type and planting depth effects on emergence of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana), and cocks-comb kyllinga (Kyllinga squamulata) |
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| Section: | Weed management in turf
Other records with the "Weed management in turf" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | San Juan, Puerto Rico: January 24-26, 2011 |
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| Source: | 2011 Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society. Vol. 64, 2011, p. 80. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, Illinois: Southern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Digitaria sanguinalis; Diodia virginiana; Kyllinga squamulata; Seeding depth; Soil properties; Soil types (textural); Weed control
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Soil types can reduce weed seed germination due to bulk density and water holding capacity. Greenhouse experiments were conducted at Auburn University greenhouses to evaluate the influence of soil type and planting depth on emergence of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana), and cocks-comb Kyllinga (Kyllinga squamulata). Treatments for large crabgrass research trials were initiated on March 15 2010 and May 21, 2010, Virginia buttonweed on March 24, 2010 and June 9, 2010, and cocks-comb kyllinga on May 24, 2010 and June 17, 2010. A three by seven factorial design was utilized with soil types; Marvyn loamy sand (fine-loamy, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludults), Sumpter silty clay (Fine-silty, carbonatic, thermic Rendollic Eutrudepts) and Sand/Peat mix (85:15, v/v) and planting depths; 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 cm. Soils were gravimetrically weighed and packed into soil columns (inside - 6.2 cm diameter by 20 cm height, 6.35 cm conduit PVC pipe) to insure bulk density was consistent through entire column above and below planting depth. Marvyn loamy sand, Sumpter silty clay, and sand/peat mix obtained bulk densities of 1.6, 1.5, and 1.6 g cc-1, respectively. Soil below planting depth was packed and 25 seeds or fruits from weed species were spaced evenly and away from the edges of the column. Soil was then packed above planting depth as previously stated. Columns were placed in the greenhouse with day and night alternating temperature 32°C and 25°C with 24 hour florescent light. Columns were irrigated by hand to maintain field capacity. Four replicates and two runs were conducted per weed species. Collected data included weekly counts for six weeks. A seed was considered emerged when the epicotyl penetrated out of the soil surface then removed from column to reduce weed competition. Percent emergence was calculated by total number of weeds emerged divided by 25 for large crabgrass and cocks-comb kyllinga or 50 for Virginia buttonweed then multiplied by 100. A significant interaction between planting depth and soil type occurred for each weed species. Emergence of all weed species was reduced with increasing planting depth. Cocks-comb kyllinga resulted in the greatest effect of reducing emergence with increasing planting depth for all soil types, not emerging from 4 cm and greater; was minimal at 2 cm (2, 2, and 1% emergence for Marvyn loamy sand, sand/peat, and Sumpter silty clay, rescpectively). Virginia buttonweed planted in Sumpter silty clay and Sand/peat mix did not emerge at 6 cm planting depth while the Marvyn loamy sand did not stop emergence of Virginia buttonweed until a planting depth of 8 cm. Large crabgrass was inhibited to 0% emergence in Sumpter silty clay at only the 8 cm planting depth. Greatest emergence for cocks-comb kyllinga and Virginia buttonweed occurred on the soil surface for all soil types, resulting in 36, 15, and 51% emergence of Virginia buttonweed for Marvyn loamy sand, sand/peat, and Sumpter silty clay, respectively, and 23, 28, and 34% emergence of cocks-comb kyllinga for Marvyn loamy sand, sand/peat, and Sumpter silty clay, respectively. Greatest emergence for large crabgrass occurred at 0.5 cm planting depth in Marvyn loamy sand and sand/peat resulting in 31 and 42% emergence, respectively. Greatest emergence (23%) of large crabgrass planted in Sumpter silty clay occurred on the soil surface. Differences in percent emergence for various soil types could be due to the differences in the water holding capacity of each soil. Water-holding capacity can vary through the soil profile where weed seed banks are located. Weed seeds located in the soil profile also differ in water imbibing requirements for germination. Also, soils can physically restrict germinated seeds ultimately not emerging from soil surface. These are all factors to consider when exploring soil-heating or solarization. Soils can absorb different amounts of thermal heat along with the effects soil moisture has on heat dissipation. This all plays a role in making sure thermal heat can reach weed seed populations to reduce seed viability. Therefore, knowing the differences in emergence of various weeds in different soil types and depths can help increase precision of thermal heat weed control methods." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Hoyle, J. A., J. S. McElroy, and E. A. Guertal. 2011. Soil type and planting depth effects on emergence of large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), Virginia buttonweed (Diodia virginiana), and cocks-comb kyllinga (Kyllinga squamulata). South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 64:p. 80. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.swss.ws/wp-content/uploads/docs/2011 Proceedings-SWSS.pdf#page=188
Last checked: 08/05/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: b2207931 |
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