Full TGIF Record # 233236
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Web URL(s):http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1991/Environmental/44765,%20U%20Nebraska,%20Horst.PDF
    Last checked: 11/26/2013
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Material Type:Manuscript
Monographic Author(s):Horst, Garald; Baxendale, Fred; Christians, Nick; Gaussoin, Roch; Von Bargen, Ken; Grisso, Bobby; Shea, Pat; Stougaard, Bob
Author Affiliation:Horst: Turfgrass Physiology; Baxendale: Entomology; Gaussoin: Turfgrass Management; Von Bargen and Grisso: Biological Systems Engineering; Shea and Stougaard: Agronomy, Nebraska; and Christians: Horticulture, Iowa and Investigator
Monograph Title:Pesticide and Fertilizer Fate in Turfgrasses Managed Under Golf Course Conditions in the Midwestern Region: [1991 Annual Research Report], 1991.
Publishing Information:[Lincoln, Nebraska]: [University of Nebraska]
# of Pages:17
Collation:[2], 15 pp.
Geographic Terms:Midwestern Region
Abstract/Contents:"Research addressing movement and fate of fertilizer and pesticides in turfgrasses managed under golf course conditions was initiated at the University of Nebraska and Iowa State University during 1991. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of pesticide, fertilizer and irrigation management practices on the persistence and mobility of nitrogen and selected pesticides in turfgrass systems. Intact, undisturbed soil columns were used to reliably monitor pesticide and nitrogen movement in the field and effectively simulate the turf-soil environment in controlled greenhouse studies. The columns in controlled greenhouse studies will allow measurement of nitrogen and pesticide residue in column leachate for a balance-sheet of solute fate in the turfgrass system. Research sites with established stands of Kentucky Bluegrass were selected at the John Seaton Anderson Turfgrass Research Facility at Agricultural Research and Development Center near Mead, Nebraska and at the Iowa State University (Ames) Horticultural Farm. The experimental areas were treated with recommended rates of urea fertilizer, TrimecR (2,4-D, mecoprop and dicamba) and pendimethalin herbicides, isazophos and chlorpyrifos insecticides, and the fungicide metalaxyl. Turf/soil cores were excavated to a depth of 24 inches from local field environments one week prior to application and approximately 1, 14, 30, 60 and 120 days after application at the two locations, placed in 8 inch PVC, and transported to the laboratory. Four cores were removed on each sampling date at each location. The cores were sectioned into verdure, thatch, mat and multiple soil depths and prepared for residue analysis. Additional untreated soil columns were encased in cement before removal and transpiration to the greenhouse for controlled experiments. Experiments addressing the fate of nitrogen and phosphorus were initiated at Iowa State University. Fourteen soil columns were encased in cement, extracted from the field, and transported to the greenhouse. Nitrogen and phosphorus were applied to the columns and two watering regimes (1 inch immediately following nutrient application and four 0.25 inch applications during a one-week period) were used to determine the effects of irrigation rates. Nitrogen volatilization was greater from columns receiving the lower irrigation rate. Nitrogen moved to greater depths in the profile under the higher irrigation rate. Protocols developed at Iowa State for soil column preparation and greenhouse research were modified for pesticide and fertilizer studies at the University of Nebraska. A concern regarding the effect of cement encasement on soil pH was addressed. The pH of Sharpsburg soil increased from 6.0 to 6.7 after 10 days of contact with the cement, but declined and remained between 6.2 and 6.5 at 15-45 days after encasement. The pH fluctuation would not be expected to have a significant effect on the fate of the pesticides included in the study. A porous plate assembly was designed and constructed such that soil water tension found in the field could be simulated in the greenhouse. The porous plate assembly also would alleviate problems of "perched water tables" which occur in the greenhouse. Soil moisture conditions in the field were released to greenhouse conditions by determining water release curves for samples extracted from the field and by determining soil moisture from several wetting and drying periods in the field. The comparison made it possible to determine the amount of tension to apply to the porous plate assembly. Preliminary evaluation of the system indicated that it could be successfully used in the greenhouse. Full-scale greenhouse experiments are planned for January-March 1992. An analytical procedure for simultaneous extraction and quantification of residues of isazophos, metalaxyl, chlorpyrifos and pendimethalin has been developed and analysis of turf/soil cores removed from the Nebraska and Iowa field sites is in progress. Additional methodology development will be required for analysis of 2,4-D, dicamba and mecoprop in the samples."
Language:English
References:0
See Also:See also related summary article "Pesticide and fertilizer fate in turfgrasses managed under golf course conditions in the midwestern region" 1991 Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 1991, p. 6, R=44765. R=44765
Note:Also appears as pp. 00031-00046 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 1991.
"Climatic Region: Cool Arid"
"USGA Region: Mid-continent/Great Lakes"
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http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1991/Environmental/44765,%20U%20Nebraska,%20Horst.PDF
    Last checked: 11/26/2013
    Requires: PDF Reader
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