| |
| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1991/Environmental/44774, Cornell, Nelson.PDF
Last checked: 12/04/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
|---|
| Publication Type:
| Report |
|---|
| Material Type: | Manuscript |
|---|
| Monographic Author(s): | Nelson, Eric B.; Craft, Cheryl M. |
|---|
| Author Affiliation: | Principal Investigator, Department of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY |
|---|
| Monograph Title: | Microbial Basis of Disease Suppression in Composts Applied to Golf Course Turf: [1991 Final Report], 1991. |
|---|
| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, New York: Cornell University |
|---|
| # of Pages: | 12 |
|---|
| Collation: | [12] pp. |
|---|
| Abstract/Contents: | "Our goal in this project is to develop more effective biological control strategies with compost-based organic fertilizers by understanding the microbial ecology of disease-suppressive composts. In particular, we hope to understand the microbiology such that disease-suppressive properties of composts might be predicted and an assemblage of beneficial microorganisms useful in the development of microbial fungicides for turfgrass disease control might be discovered. The objectives of our study are to 1) determine the spectrum of turfgrass pathogens suppressed by compost applications, 2) establish relationships between overall microbial activity, microbial biomass, and disease suppression in composts, 3) identify microorganisms from suppressive composts that are capable of imparting disease-suppressive properties to conducive composts of those rendered conducive by heat treatment, and 4) determine the fate of compost-derived antagonists in golf course putting greens following application of individual antagonists and composts fortified with these antagonists. We have now established the suppressiveness of various composts to turfgrass disease caused by two different Pythium species and Typhula incarnate. This extends the range of turfgrass pathogens already known to be suppressed by compost applications. In field studies we have shown that some composts are as effective as standard fungicides in suppressing Pythium root rot and Typhula blight on creeping bentgrass putting greens. Our laboratory studies have focused on Pythium-incited diseases of creeping bentgrass. We have shown that disease suppression in some composts is a result of microbial activity whereas suppression in other composts is due to non-microbiological factors. In general, immature composts (i.e. less than 1 yr old) are less suppressive to Pythium than mature composts (i.e. greater than 1.5 yr old). These results further indicate a microbiological nature to disease suppression in these composts. Sterilization of some composts eliminates disease-suppressive properties. In examining a number of suppressive and conducive composts, we have shown direct relationships between microbial activity and disease suppression. In preliminary experiments with a poultry manure compost, populations of fungi and actinomycetes were quite low whereas populations of bacteria ranged from 4.4 - 7.5 million cells per gram of compost. Current studies are focusing on the qualitative microbiological differences between suppressive and conducive composts and the interactions of specific microorganisms with turfgrass pathogens. Our goal is to determine the key microorganisms in habiting composts so that their physiology and ecology might be better understood. This information will be important in being able to predict whether particular composts at particular stages of maturity will be suppressive at particular sites and under particular environmental conditions." |
|---|
| Language: | English |
|---|
| References: | 0 |
|---|
| See Also: | See also related summary article "Microbial basis of disease suppression in composts applied to golf course turf" 1991 Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 1991, p. 12, R=44774. R=44774 |
|---|
| Note: | Also appears as pp. 00151-00163 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 1991.
"Climatic Region: Cool Humid"
"USGA Region: Northeastern/Mid-Atlantic"
"United States Golf Association Greens Section Research"
Tables
Graphs |
|---|
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
No defined citation format for TGIF #: 233599 |
| Fastlink to access this record outside TGIF: https://tic.msu.edu/tgif/flink?recno=233599 |
| If there are problems with this record, send us feedback about record 233599. |
| Choices for finding the above item: |
|---|
| Web URL(s):
http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1991/Environmental/44774, Cornell, Nelson.PDF
Last checked: 12/04/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
| Find from within TIC:
Digitally in TIC by record number. |
| Request through your local library's inter-library loan service (bring or send a copy of this TGIF record) |
