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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Harris, H. H.;
Shuldt, P. H.;
Limpel, L. E. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Harris: Diamond Alkali Company, Research Center, Painesville, Ohio; Shuldt and Limpel: Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Inc., Yonkers, New York |
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| Title: | Dimethyl 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorotere-phthalate (DAC-893), a promising pre-emergence turf herbicide |
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| Section: | Weed control in horticultural crops
Other records with the "Weed control in horticultural crops" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Winnipeg, Manitoba: December 8-10, 1959 |
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| Source: | Proceedings: Joint Meeting of the North Central Weed Control Conference (16th) and the Western Canadian Weed Control Conference (10th). 1959, p. 48. |
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| Publishing Information: | [Lincoln, Nebraska]: [North Central Weed Science Society] |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Early evaluation work with dimethyl 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalate (DAC-893) at Boyce Thompson Institute showed this compound to have unusual pre-emergence herbicidal activity. It was particularly effective against crabgrass. Established turf and many crops exhibited a high degree of tolerance to DAC-893. Preliminary small plot field experimental work was carried out in 1958 at Yonkers, New York, and Painesville, Ohio. In 1959, besides these locations, DAC-893 was tested by many experiment station workers and other investigators on turf across the country. Pure DAC-893 is a white crystalline compound with a low vapor pressure and is essentially odorless. It is less than 0.5 ppm soluble in water and sparingly soluble in acetone, cyclohexanone, xylene, and petroleum derived solvents. It appears to be stable in the pure state or when formulated as a wettable powder under usual storage conditions. Toxicological studies are not complete, but tests to date indicate the acute oral LD50 for male albino rats to be greater than 3000 mg/kg of body weight, with the acute dermal LD50 for albino rabbits greater than 10,000 mg/kg of body weight. On May 2, 1958, a 50 percent wettable powder formulation of DAC-893 was sprayed on 25 sq ft plots at rates of 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 lb/A, replicated four times. Chlordane at 60lb/A was also included in this test. There was ample rainfall to maintain good growth of turf grasses throughout the season. The results are summarized in Table 1 [Table 1]. DAC-893 in a wettable powder formulation was applied April 22, 1959 to 100 sq ft plots at rates of 7.5 and 10 lb/A, replicated four times. Dimethylamine salt of 2,4-D at 2 lb/A was applied and in combination with 7.5 lb/A of DAC-893. Chlordane at 10lb/A, a level suitable for soil insect control, was also used in combination with 7.5 lb/A of DAC-893. On June 17 all treatments with DAC-893 were 100% effective. The mean area covered with crabgrass in the check plots was 16%, while in the plots treated with 2,4-D there was 34% crabgrass. This higher population may have been due to removal of broad-leaf weeds. Extremely dry weather in June and early July greatly reduced the crabgrass infestation developed. On September 4 the check plots contained 49 percent crabgrass on an area basis. The control with treatments of DAC-893 alone or in combination with either 2,4-D or chlordane adversely affected the performance of DAC-893. On April 30, 1959, DAC-893 was applied to 3x3-foot plots, replicated three times, at three rates both as a wettable powder spray and as a granular formulation. Two different formulations of granules were applied at the five pound rate. Here again, dry weather affected the germination and growth of crabgrass. The results are summarized in Table 2, in which the percent control is based on the number crabgrass plants per plot. At the five lb/A rate these granular formulations were not as effective as sprays. [Table 2]. The dry weather in 1959 precluded any evaluation as to possible adverse effect of DAC-893 on turf grasses. Work at Boyce Thompson Institute has shown that DAC-893 has little, if any, effect on established bluegrass turf even at levels in excess of those required for crabgrass control, but that some thinning of fescues may occur. No discoloration of turf has been noted. DAC-893 has a herbicidal effect on germinating seeds of all turf grasses. Studies are under way to determine how long a period must elapse after treatment before reseeding can safely be done. Fall seeding of a predominantly fescue mixture was successful in 1958 following a spring application of DAC-893 at 12 lb/A. The results reported to date from tests of cooperators across the country where DAC-893 was applied prior to crabgrass germination have generally been very satisfactory. It is felt that a 10 to 12 lb/A rate of DAC-893 would be optimum for use in crabgrass control in turf." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only!
Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Harris, H. H., P. H. Shuldt, and L. E. Limpel. 1959. Dimethyl 2,3,5,6-Tetrachlorotere-phthalate (DAC-893), a promising pre-emergence turf herbicide. Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. p. 48. |
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