Full TGIF Record # 240570
Item 1 of 1
Publication Type:
i
Report
Author(s):Grigsby, B. H.
Author Affiliation:Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing
Title:Control of chickweed in turf
Section:Weed control in turf
Other records with the "Weed control in turf" Section
Meeting Info.:St. Louis, Missouri: December 11-13, 1961
Source:EighteenthAnnual Research Report: North Central Weed ControlConference. 1958, p. 37-38.
Publishing Information:[Lincoln, Nebraska]: [North Central Weed Science Society]
# of Pages:2
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Chemical control; Herbicide evaluation; Neburon; Recommendations; Stellaria media; Weed control
Trade Names:Stoddard Solvent
Abstract/Contents:"The control of chickweed in turf has been a difficult task since the beginning of chemical sprays for broad-leaved weed control. Early use of sodium arsenite and lead aresenate for crabgrass control also achieved some degree of chickweed control and the method is still used, especially by some golf course and cemetery superintendents. Home owners, however, are reluctant to use these materials. The advent of the general use of 2,4-D has placed more emphasis on the need for a safe and effective chickweed killer or preventive. In fact, some requests for information suggest that the use of 2,4-D for weed control actually causes a chickweed infestation. The removal of other weeds tends to ease the competition between weed species and under these conditions chickweed does make more rapid and vigorous growth that it does in a mixed stand of weeds and grass. Common chickweed is found mostly in home lawns and parks where the usual mowing height favors development of common chickweed. Mouse-ear chickweed is found in areas where a lower cutting height tends to destroy annual broadleaved weeds but permits perennial species capable of forming mats to develop at a rapid rate. For this reason, many putting greens become severely infested with mouse-ear chickweed. The turf weed spray project at Michigan State University has included plots designed to assay herbicides as chickweed killers or preventors in each season since 1949. The materials which have given reasonably acceptable results are Stoddard Solvent, at 1 to 3 qt per 1000 sq ft; and the following at the indicated rates in lb/A; EXD, 5; DNBP, 3; neburon, 4; MCP, 2; DMA, 3; sodium arsenite, 4; 2,4,5-T, 2; Silvex, 2; silvex + endothal, 1 + 2. Turf for these tests has included pure stands of Kentucky bluegrass, bentgrass, and Merion bluegrass as well as mixtures of Kentucky bluegrass, Chewings fescue, ryegrass and bentgrasses. Evaluations of herbicides were based upon control of chickweed and color and density of the turf after treatment. The chemicals listed above fall into two groups, (1) those which are effective on common chickweed and (2) those effective on mouse-ear chickweed, most of which also will control common chickweed. Common chickweed control. Stoddard Solvent is suggested for use in areas where severe infestation has produced a need for re-seeding turf. The oil gives a quick kill, 4-12 hours, does not leave a toxic residue, does not kill roots or perennial grasses and permits immediate reseeding. DNBP and EXD produce rapid kills but tend to discolor turf grass and require 2 to 3 weeks for decomposition of the chemical and thus delay seeding. Results with neburon have been erratic but satisfactory kills has been obtained. Best use of this compound is a fall application just before new seedlings emerge. In Michigan this is late September or early October. Turf less than 1 year old may be severely injured by neburon. DMA, applied as a control for crabgrass, has been highly effective on common chickweed and may be used at any time during the growing season. Best results are obtained, however, when temperatures are above 70 degrees and full sun follows the application. Common chickweed is a good indicator plant for the specificity of substitution in the phenoxyacetic acid compounds. 2,4-D has little effect upon this species but MCPA is highly effective on actively growing chickweed. We have obtained excellent kills in late fall and early spring, both season coinciding with rapid vegetative development of the weed. Mouse-ear chickweed. This species is a perennial plant and generally has not responded to the action of contact herbicides and is also resistant to many of the translocated materials. 2,4,5-T has given erratic results and the rates required for positive control have caused definite injury to turf grasses, especially close cut bent. Neburon, while it tends to prevent spreading by new seedlings, is not effective on established plants at rates which can be tolerated by turf grasses. 2,4-D, MCPA and mixtures of these compounds have been ineffective. Satisfactory control of Cerastium can be obtained in most turf situations by an application of silvex made during the cool part of the growing season. A rate of 2 lb/A has been sufficient in our tests and has not caused permanent injury to any grass species. Temporary red discoloration may develop in bent but this can be overcome by fertilization and watering. A combination of 2 lb/A endothal and 1 lb/A silvex will give temporary suppression without any discoloration but the chickweed bases will survive and retreatment will be necessary. This combination has been used on golf putting greens during the season play without causing any comment by players. The substitution of DMA for endothal in the above mixture is not as satisfactory but should be considered if crabgrass is present. Our current suggestions for the control of chickweed are as follows: 1. Apply 2,4-D at 2 lb/A to remove susceptible weeds. 2. For common chickweed only use (a) in the spring; MCP at 2 lb/ or DMA at rate suggested for crabgrass control: (b) in the fall; MCP as in the spring, or if reseeding is to be done use Stoddard Solvent at 40 gal/A. 3. For mouse-ear chickweed or a mixture of mouse-ear and common use silvex at a rate of 2 lb/A in spring or fall. Avoid use of silvex in hot dry weather."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Grigsby, B. H. 1958. Control of chickweed in turf. Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. p. 37-38.
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