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| DOI: | 10.1890/10-1493.1 |
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| Web URL(s): | http://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/10-1493.1
Last checked: 06/09/2014
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http://www.esajournals.org/doi/full/10.1890/10-1493.1
Last checked: 06/09/2014
Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Jenerette, G. Darrel;
Harlan, Sharon L.;
Stefanov, William L.;
Martin, Chris A. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Jenerette: Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California; Harlan: School of Evolution and Human Change, Arizona State University, Tempe; Martin: Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Arizona State University, Glendale, Arizona; Stefanov: Image Science and Analysis Laboratory, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas |
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| Title: | Ecosystem services and urban heat riskscape moderation: Water, green spaces, and social inequality in Phoenix, USA |
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| Source: | Ecological Applications: A Publication of the Ecological Society of America. Vol. 21, No. 7, October 2011, p. 2637-2651. |
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| Publishing Information: | Washington, D. C.: Ecological Society of America |
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| # of Pages: | 15 |
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| Related Web URL: | http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/10-1493.1
Last checked: 06/09/2014
Notes: Abstract only |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Turf values; Urban heat island; Urban landscaping; Vegetative areas
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Urban ecosystems are subjected to high temperatures-extreme heat events, chronically hot weather, or both-through interactions between local and global climate processes. Urban vegetation may provide a cooling ecosystem service, although many knowledge gaps exist in the biophysical and social dynamics of using this service to reduce climate extremes. To better understand patterns of urban vegetated cooling, the potential water requirements to supply these services, and differential access to these services between residential neighborhoods, we evaluated three decades (1970-2000) of land surface characteristics and residential segregation by income in the Phoenix, Arizona, USA metropolitan region. We developed an ecosystem service trade-offs approach to assess the urban heat riskscape, defined as the spatial variation in risk exposure and potential human vulnerability to extreme heat. In this region, vegetation provided nearly a 25°C surface cooling compared to bare soil on low-humidity summer days; the magnitude of this service was strongly coupled to air temperature and vapor pressure deficits. To estimate the water loss associated with land-surface cooling, we applied a surface energy balance model. Our initial estimates suggest 2.7 mm/d of water may be used in supplying cooling ecosystem services in the Phoenix region on a summer day. The availability and corresponding resource use requirements of these ecosystem services had a strongly positive relationship with neighborhood income in the year 2000. However, economic stratification in access to services is a recent development: no vegetation-income relationship was observed in 1970, and a clear trend of increasing correlation was evident through 2000. To alleviate neighborhood inequality in risks from extreme heat through increased vegetation and evaporative cooling, large increases in regional water use would be required. Together, these results suggest the need for a systems evaluation of the benefits, costs, spatial structure, and temporal trajectory for the use of ecosystem services to moderate climate extremes. Increasing vegetation is one strategy for moderating regional climate changes in urban areas and simultaneously providing multiple ecosystem services. However, vegetation has economic, water, and social equity implications that vary dramatically across neighborhoods and need to be managed through informed environmental policies." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 101 |
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| Note: | Summary appears in Golf Course Management, 82(6) June 2014, p. 32
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Jenerette, G. D., S. L. Harlan, W. L. Stefanov, and C. A. Martin. 2011. Ecosystem services and urban heat riskscape moderation: Water, green spaces, and social inequality in Phoenix, USA. Ecol. Appl. 21(7):p. 2637-2651. |
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| DOI: 10.1890/10-1493.1 |
| Web URL(s):
http://www.esajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1890/10-1493.1
Last checked: 06/09/2014
Requires: PDF Reader
Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website
http://www.esajournals.org/doi/full/10.1890/10-1493.1
Last checked: 06/09/2014
Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website |
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MSU catalog number: b2470039a |
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