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| Web URL(s): | https://www.gcsaa.org/docs/default-source/Environment/phase-2-nutrient-survey-full-report-update.pdf?sfvrsn=2
Last checked: 09/15/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Material Type: | Book |
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| Monographic Corporate Author(s): | Golf Course Superintendents Association of America
Environmental Institute for Golf
United States Golf Association |
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| Monograph Title: | Golf Course Environmental Profile: Phase II, Volume II: Nutrient Use and Management Practices on U.S. Golf Courses, 2016. |
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| Publishing Information: | Lawrence, Kansas: Golf Course Superintendents Association of America; Lawrence, Kansas: Environmental Institute for Golf |
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| # of Pages: | 41 |
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| Collation: | 41 pp. |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Objectives: Nutrient use and management practices on U.S. golf courses were documented for the first time in a 2006 survey conducted by the Golf Course Superintendents Association of America. The objectives of the second Nutrient Use and Management Practices Survey were to compare results from 2014 to those from 2006, in an attempt to document, characterize and/or quantify the use of nitrogen, phosphate and potash on golf course turf in terms of: trends in nutrient use on a national and regional scale; the role of climate and weather on nutrient use patterns; the role of management and agronomic practices on nutrient use patterns; the role of external factors such as regulations, economics and research advances on nutrient use patterns; trends in the use of different nutrient sources and amendments; trends in storage and calibration of fertilizer equipment. Key results (National nutrient use (U.S. golf courses have significantly decreased their overall nutrient use since 2006.; Nitrogen use was reduced by 34%, or the equivalent of 30,970 tons annually.; Phosphate use was reduced by 53%, or the equivalent of 17,867 tons annually.; Potash use was reduced by 42%, or the equivalent of 37,419 tons annually. Factors responsible for these decreases include: Conservation practices (that resulted in reduced nutrient use rates and fertilized acres; Facility closures); Conservation practices (Adoption of almost all conservation practices has increased since 2006 and has resulted in decreased nutrient use rates and reductions in fertilized acres. These conservation practices were responsible for approximately 90% of all decreases in nutrient use. The most common conservation practices include: avoidance of overseeding; fertilizing based on soil test results; returning clippings; precision fertilizer application); Reduced nutrient use rates (Reductions in nutrient use rates made since 2006 have resulted in: 49% of all nitrogen savings since 2006, for an estimated annual savings of 15,226 tons nitrogen; 27% of all phosphate savings since 2006, for an estimated annual savings of 4,901 tons of phosphate; 53% of all potash savings since 2006, or an estimated annual savings of 19,740 tons of potash); Reductions in fertilized acreage (Reductions in the number of acres treated with fertilizers have resulted in: 40% of all nitrogen savings since 2006, for an estimated annual savings of 12,224 tons of nitrogen; 66% of all phosphate savings since 2006, for an estimated annual savings of 11,851 tons of phosphate; 39% of all potash savings since 2006, for an estimated annual savings of 14,489 tons of potash. Greens were the most likely feature to be fertilized, and roughs the least likely); Facility closures (A net decrease of 618 golf facilities nationally between 2006 and 2014 led to approximately 9% of the observed nutrient use reductions. All regions except the Upper West/Mountain had decreases in the number of facilities.; Estimated annual nutrient savings as a result of decreased facility numbers were 3,519 tons of nitrogen, 1,115 tons of phosphate and 3,190 tons of potash.)); Regional nutrient use (Nutrient use differs dramatically among the nation's seven agronomic regions, both in total amount used, and in rates used.; The impact of climate on the length of the growing season is the most important contributor to regional differences in nutrient use. The lowest nutrient rates occur in the cool climates of the Northeast and North Central regions, while the highest rates occur in the Southeast and Southwest regions, which have the highest average temperatures.; The number of facilities per region also contributes to regional differences in total nutrient use. Regions with many facilities (such as the North Central region) have higher total nutrient use, regardless of how low their nutrient use rates may be, while regions with fewer facilities (Pacific, Southwest) have lower total nutrient use, even if nutrient use rates are relatively high.; Variation in nutrient use was also significant within each agronomic region, particularly in the Pacific and Southwest regions, which have the most diverse climates.)." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 2 |
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| See Also: | See also related article "New study quantifies nutrient use and management on U.S. golf courses" Golf Course Management, 84(7) July 2016, p. 72-83, R=273558. R=273558
See also earlier edition, Golf Course Environmental Profile: Nutrient Use and Management on U.S. Golf Courses: Volume III: Full Report, 2009, R=158563. R=158563
See also related book, Golf Course Environmental Profile: Water Use and Conservation Practices on U.S. Golf Courses: Phase II, Volume I, 2015, R=272860. R=272860
See also related book, Golf Course Environmental Profile: Phase II, Volume III: Pest Management Practices on U.S. Golf Courses, 2016, R= 288947. R=288947
See also related book, Golf Course Environmental Profile: Phase II, Volume IV: Land Use Characteristics and Environmental Stewardship Programs on U.S. Golf Courses, 2017, R=288964. R=288964 |
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| Note: | Includes foreword: "Nutrient study illustrates golf's commitment to sustainable practices" by Peter J. Grass, CGCS and 2016 GCSAA President; p. 4
Includes "Appendix"; pp. 32-41
Maps
Pictures, color
Tables
Graphs |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Golf Course Superintendents Association of America. 2016. Golf Course Environmental Profile: Phase II, Volume II: Nutrient Use and Management Practices on U.S. Golf Courses. 41 pp. Lawrence, Kansas: Golf Course Superintendents Association of America; Lawrence, Kansas: Environmental Institute for Golf. |
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Last checked: 09/15/2017
Requires: PDF Reader |
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