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Publication Type:
| Report |
Author(s): | Van Wijk, A. L. M.;
Beuving, J. |
Author Affiliation: | Institute for Land and Water Management Research (ICW), P.O. Box 35, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands |
Title: | Relation between soil strength, bulk density and soil water pressure head of sandy top-layers of grass sportfields |
Translated Title: | Beziehung zwischen Scherfestigkeit, Bodendichte und Wasserspannung sandiger Tragschichten von Rasensportflächen |
Source: | Zeitschrift für Vegetationstechnik. Vol. 1, No. 2, October-December 1978, p. 53-58. |
Publishing Information: | Hannover, W. Germany: Patzer Verlag GmbH and Co. KG, Alter Flughafen |
# of Pages: | 6 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Soil strength; Bulk density; Soil water relations; Sports turf
|
Abstract/Contents: | "The playing conditions of grass sportsfields depend strongly on the mechanical strength of the top-layer which in its turn depends on bulk density and soil water conditions. Improvement of the playing conditions by influencing these soil physical properties requires insight into the relation between soil strength, bulk density and soil water conditions. Therefore a comprehensive examination in the laboratory was performed on the effect of soil water pressure head on soil strength, characterized as penetration resistance, at different bulk densities, using two sands - one with increasing quantities of organic matter, the other with increasing quantities of clay (Tables 1 and 2). Clay scarcely improves soil strength of unstable humus-free sand within the soil water pressure head range prevailing during the wet part of the playing season (Fig. 3). Under dry circumstances, sand containing much clay soon becomes too hard (Fig. 4). Moreover, disadvantages of the presence of clay, such as slipperiness and a decreased hydraulic conductivity, argue for its absence from the top-layer. Compared with clay the presence of a small percentage of organic matter in the sandy top-layer promotes the soil strength to a great extent (Fig. 1). A prerequisite is, however, a rather high bulk density. An organic matter content up to 5 %, or at most 6%, appears to be permissible. How far organic matter content and bulk density can in fact be increased depends on the hydraulic conductivity. The extent to which the hydraulic conductivity is limiting in such cases, is still under investigation. With regard to the contribution of the turf to soil strength, it appears that this is more essential at low, organic matter contents (Fig. 6). Therefore the frequency of play, which leads to a decrease in sward and root density, must be kept under closer control at low than at high organic matter contents." |
Language: | English |
References: | 6 |
Note: | Abstract also appears in German Figures Tables |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Van Wijk, A. L. M., and J. Beuving. 1978. Relation between soil strength, bulk density and soil water pressure head of sandy top-layers of grass sportfields. Zeitschrift für Vegetationstechnik. 1(2):p. 53-58. |
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