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| Author(s): | Michel, Frederick C. Jr.;
Reddy, C. Adinarayana;
Forney, Larry J. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Microbiology and NSF Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1101 |
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| Title: | Microbial degradation and humification of the lawn care pesticide 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid during the composting of yard trimmings |
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| Source: | Applied and Environmental Microbiology. Vol. 61, No. 7, July 1995, p. 2566-2571. |
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| Publishing Information: | Washington, D.C.: American Society for Microbiology |
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| # of Pages: | 6 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Degradation; Composting; Yard waste; 2,4-D; Herbicides; Mineralization
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The fate of the widely used lawn care herbicide 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) during the composting of yard trimmings consisting of primarily leaves and grass is an important unexplored question. In this study, we determined the extent of 2, 4-D mineralization, incorporation into humic matter, volatilization, and sorption during the composting of yard trimmings. Yard trimmings (2:1 [wt/wt] leaves-grass) were amended with Ā¹ā“C-rind-labeled 2, 4-D (17 mb/kg of dry weight) and composted in a temperature-controlled laboratory scale compost system. During composting, thermophilic microbes were numerically dominant, reaching a maximum of 2 ^D#x 10 Ā¹Ā¹ g. At the end of composting, 46% of the organic matter (OM) present in the yard trimmings was lost and the compost was stable, with an oxygen uptake rate of 0.09 mg of Oā per g of OM per h, and was well humidified (humification index, 0.39). Mineralization of the OM temporarily paralleled mineralization of 2,4-D. In the final compost, 47% of the added 2,4-D carbon was mineralized, about 23% was complexed with high-molecular-weight humic acids, and about 20% was not extractable (humin fraction). Less than 1% of the added āāC was present in water expressed from the finished compost, suggesting a low potential for leaching of 2,4-D. Very little volatilization of 2,-D occurred during composting. It is of interest that our results indicate active mineralization of 2,4-D at composting temperatures of 60Ā°, because microbial 2,4-D degradation at thermophilic temperatures has not been previously documented." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 29 |
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| See Also: | Other items relating to: YARD
Other items relating to: COMFAT
Other items relating to: 2, 4 - D in Turf |
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| Note: | Figures
Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Michel, F. C. Jr., C. A. Reddy, and L. J. Forney. 1995. Microbial degradation and humification of the lawn care pesticide 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid during the composting of yard trimmings. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61(7):p. 2566-2571. |
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