Full TGIF Record # 40886
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Publication Type:
i
Refereed
Author(s):Unruh, J. B.; Christians, N. E.; Horner, H. T.
Author Affiliation:Department of Environmental Horticulture, University of Florida, P.O. Box 3634, Milton, FL 32572; Department of Horticulture, 105 Horticulture Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1100; Department of Botany, 3A Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020.
Title:Mitotic and ultrastructural changes in root meristems of grass seedings treated with alaninyl-alanine
Section:Turfgrass Science
Other records with the "Turfgrass Science" Section
Source:Crop Science. Vol. 37, No. 6, November/December 1997, p. 1870-1874.
Publishing Information:Madison, WI: Crop Science Society of America
# of Pages:5
Keywords:TIC Keywords: DCPA; Dithiopyr; Germination; Herbicide evaluation; Lolium perenne; Mitosis
Abstract/Contents:"Alaninyl-alanine (Ala-Ala), is a biologically active dipeptide that inhibits the rooting of germinating seeds. Previous research revealed that cells of root tips treated with Ala-Ala were void of cellular components, specifically discernible nuclei and mitotic structures, as well as an overall loss of cytoplasmic integrity. Treated root tips had extensive cell wall abnormalities, including uneven thickening and shattering. Many commonly used herbicides, such as the dinitroanilines, the carbamates, and dithiopyr [s, S- dimethyl 2-(difluoromethyl)- 4-(2-methylpropyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)-3,5- pyridinedicarbothioate], produce effects similar to Ala-Ala in root meristems. The objectives of these investigations were to use time-course studies to observe the mitotic activity of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seedling roots grown in petri dishes containing Ala-Ala, to describe Ala-Ala induced changes in cellular ultrastructure in an effort to elucidate the mode of action of this biologically active dipeptide through the use of light and transmission electron microscopy, and to compare the results of these studies with reported modes of action of other commonly used herbicides. Results showed the Ala-Ala exhibited activity on mitosis in root meristems within 4 h of exposure, and by 6 h, reduction in the number of mitotic figures was nearly 100%, resulting in only interphase cells. Microscopic analysis revealed profound treatment effects. By 12 h, dense droplets, presumably membrane lipids, were visible in vacuoles and intercellular spaces. After 48 h of exposure, epidermal and cortical cells in the treated roots appeared compressed with a disruption in cell polarity. Root lateral branching, similar to effects of preemergence herbicides, was also noted after a 48-h exposure time. Root tips showed no gross external abnormalities until after a 96-h exposure to Ala-Ala."
Language:English
References:21
Note:"Journal paper No. J-16719 of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, USA."
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ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Unruh, J. B., N. E. Christians, and H. T. Horner. 1997. Mitotic and ultrastructural changes in root meristems of grass seedings treated with alaninyl-alanine. Crop Sci. 37(6):p. 1870-1874.
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https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/cs/pdfs/37/6/CS0370061870
    Last checked: 12/09/2016
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    Access conditions: Item is within a limited-access website
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