Full TGIF Record # 45135
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Web URL(s):http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1998_vol52.pdf#page=75
    Last checked: 07/24/2013
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Content Type:Abstract or Summary only
Author(s):Davis, J. Graham; Elmore, Clyde
Author Affiliation:Davis: Former Graduate Student, University of California. Elmore: Weed Extention Specialist, University of California.
Title:The relationship between openings in a tall fescue turf and crabgrass establishment
Section:Turfgrass and plant growth regulators Wednesday-January 7, 1998
Other records with the "Turfgrass and plant growth regulators Wednesday-January 7, 1998" Section
Meeting Info.:Washington, DC: January 5-8, 1998
Source:Proceedings of the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Science Society. Vol. 52, 1998, p. 75.
Publishing Information:College Park, MD: Northeastern Weed Science Society
# of Pages:1
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Application timing; Digitaria; Establishment; Festuca arundinacea; Heat stress; Overseeding; Senescence; Weed competition
Cultivar Names:Olympic
Abstract/Contents:"Smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl.] and large crabgrass [Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.] are among the most prevalent summer annual grass weeds found in turfgrass. To become established, both species of crabgrass require an opening in turf. By determining the gap size required for the two crabgrass species to establish, it will be apparent when to overseed bare spots in turf. In 1995 and 1996, five gap sizes (0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 cm diam.) were created using three different damage treatments in a six month old 'Olympic' tall fesuce (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) turf maintained at a 7 cm mowing height. The first treatment consisted of scalping the turf to the thatch layer. The second treatment consisted of clipping the turf to 1.25 cm, and then re-clipping the turf to 1.25 cm one month after planting the crabgrass seeds. In the third treatment, turf was removed to a 2-3 cm depth and the gap was refilled with clean soil. Seeds of smooth or large crabgras were planted separately into the center of different gaps and the site was irrigated regularly to allow for germination. Over the seed germination period, temperature at the soil surface or thatch layer was measured in the center of each gap size and opening type. Four weeks after planting the seeds, crabgrass seedlings were counted and thinned to two plants per gap size and opening type. In late summer, when the large crabgrass started to senesce, all crabgrass plants were clipped at soil level of each gap. Crabgrass plants were then dried and weighed. In 1996, the study was repeated in a 12 and 36 month old Olympic tall fescue turf to determine the effects a turf's age on crabgrass establishment. In six month old turf, both species of crabgrass gerrminated in all gap sizes. The greatest number of crabgrass seeds germinated in the 20 cm bare soil opening. In the bare soil opening, significantly more crabgrass seeds germinated than plots subjected to a reduced clipping height or single scalping. Significantly more crabgrass germinated in the 10 and 20 cm bare soil openings than in the smaller openings or closed turf. In 1995, but not 1996, significantly more smooth crabgrass seeds germinated than large crabgrass seeds. In 12 month old turf, only the amount of germination in the 20 cm opening was greater than that in closed turf. More crabgrass germinated in the 6 month old turf than in the 12 month old turf, but at the end of the season, there was more crabgrass biomass in the 12 month old turf. At harvest, only one smooth crabgrass (1995) and three large crabgrass (1996) plants remained in closed turf (no opening). Only very small plants of both crabgrass species remained in gaps from 2.5 to 5 cm in diameter. In bare soil openings, plants were significantly larger than in plots subjected to a reduced clipping height or single scalping. The daily mean temperatures in the 0 to 20 cm openings were not substantially different from each other. During germination, however, daily temperature fluctuations were considerably different among openings, with the 20 cm bare soil opening having the lowest and highest temperatures in a day (7.3°C to 44.0°C). Data showed that if there were no openings 10 cm or larger present in the turf, 6 months appears to be enough time for tall fescue turf to establish and compete effectively with encroaching crabgrass."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Davis, J. G., and C. Elmore. 1998. The relationship between openings in a tall fescue turf and crabgrass establishment. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 52:p. 75.
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Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1998_vol52.pdf#page=75
    Last checked: 07/24/2013
    Requires: PDF Reader
    Notes: Item is within a single large file
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MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 v. 52
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