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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Wick, R. L.;
Nissenbaum, T. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Microbiology, Morrill Science Center N203, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 |
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| Title: | Evaluation of 3-D for managing plant parasitic nematodes in turf, 1995 and 1996 |
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| Section: | Turfgrasses
Other records with the "Turfgrasses" Section
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| Source: | Biological and Cultural Tests for Control of Plant. Vol. 13, 1998, p. 138-139. |
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| Publishing Information: | St. Paul, MN: The American Phytopathological Society |
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| # of Pages: | 2 |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "A putting green in Monson, Massachusetts, was chosen for the trial because of a relatively high population of Hoplolaimus and Tylenchorhynchus. The turf was a mixture of annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass. The putting green, approximately 80 years old, was built on native clay soil and top-dressed with a sand-based material for at least 25 years. Mechanical analysis of the top 4 in of soil showed it to be 72.9% sand, 21.7% silt and 5.3% clay. USDA criteria classify this as a sandy loam based on the sand subfractions. The green was mowed, fertilized, watered and cared for consistent with standard golf green management practices. Plots were 6 x 6 ft, five replications per treatment, and completely randomized. Plots were evaluated for color and thinning during each collection date. 1995 trial. Initial root biomass was determined on 21 Jul by removing 5, 1 x 4 in soil cores from each plot. Soil cores were washed free of soil and dried at 60 C. The 5 samples in each plot were averaged before analysis of variance. A second root biomass was determined on 26 Sep. The first applications of 3-D and Nemacur were made on 27 Jul. The 3-D was sprayed on the foliage at the rate of 2.3 oz a.i./1,000 ft² as a 1:60 dilution. Applications of 3-D were repeated on 10 Aug, 24 Aug and 7 Sep. 3-D consists [of] a formulation of 99.9% enriched seaweed extract, humic acid and iron (Plant-Wise Biostimulant Company, 1201 Story Avenue, Suite 3-D, Louisville, Kentucky 40206). Nemacur was applied once at the rate of 2.3 lb/1,000 ft². For nematode assays, ten subsamples per plot were collected with a 1 in soil sampling tube to a depth of 4 in, bulked, and extracted. Nematodes were recovered by wet sieving/sugar flotation and identified to genus. The data were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance and a test of LSD. 1996 trial. The plots and treatments for the 1995 trial were the same for the 1996 trial. The first nematode assay was taken on 23 May. The first applications of 3-D and Nemacur were made on 31 May. Additional applications of 3-D were made on 28 Jun, 26 Jul, 22 Aug and 19 Sep. Root biomass was evaluated on 3 Oct. Results 1995. No significant differences in turf color or thinning were apparent among treatments; although, greening of some 3-D plots occurred. The 1995 growing season in Massachusetts was characterized by low rainfall, resulting in significant plant stress to turf under putting green maintenance. There were no statistical differences in Tylenchorhynchus populations on the three assay dates. the Hoplolaimus population by 26 Sep, was lower in both the 3-D and Nemacur treatments; however, the apparent difference in the Hoplolaimus populations may have been due to an unequal initial population. Plant biomass was similar across plots at the beginning and end of the trial. Neither 3-D nor Nemacur provided adequate control of nematodes in 1995. Results 1996. Tylenchorhynchus populations were very high in May; approximately 3,000/100 cc of soil. The control plots had Tylenchorhynchus populations of 3.700 by 28 Jun while the 3-D and Nemacur plots slowly declined during the course of the year. Nemacur resulted in a significant reduction in Tylenchorhynchus compared to the control but the difference ended by Aug as the control population declined. Hoplolaimus populations were statistically lower in the Nemacur and 3-D treatments on 28 Jun and tended to remain lower over the season but the initial, untreated Hoplolaimus population, was higher than the 3-D and Nemacur treatments. Unexpectedly, root dry weights were significantly greater for the untreated controls than for the Nemacur of 3-D treatments. It is probably that 5 cores per plot was not a statistically valid number of subsamples to carry out a reliable assessment of root dry weight. Neither 3-D or Nemacur provided adequate control of nematodes in 1996." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Wick, R. L., and T. Nissenbaum. 1998. Evaluation of 3-D for managing plant parasitic nematodes in turf, 1995 and 1996. Biol. Cult. Tests Control Plant Dis. 13:p. 138-139. |
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