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| Web URL(s): | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964498906351/pdf?md5=075e3fcc731026f23f5211599630d2bb&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964498906351-main.pdf
Last checked: 09/29/2015
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Baur, M. E.;
Kaya, H. K.;
Strong, D. R. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Baur and Kaya: Department of Nematology, University of California, Davis, California 95616. Strong: Evolution and Ecology Section, Division of Biological Sciences, Bodega Marine Laboratory, Bodega Bay, California 94923 |
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| Title: | Foraging ants as scavengers on entomopathogenic nematode-killed insects |
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| Source: | Biological Control: Theory and Application in Pest. Vol. 12, No. 3, July 1998, p. 231-236. |
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| Publishing Information: | San Diego: Academic Press |
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| # of Pages: | 6 |
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| Related Web URL: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964498906351
Last checked: 09/29/2015
Notes: Abstract only |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Formicidae; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Steinernema; Heterorhabditis; Comparisons; Propagation
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| Business Name: | jlh |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Ants were the most apparent invertebrate scavengers observed foraging on entomapathogenic nematode-killed insects (i.e., insect cadavers containing entomapathogenic nematodes and their symbiotic bacteria) in the present study. Workers of the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), scavenged nematode-killed insects on the surface and those buried 2 cm below the soil surface. Ant workers scavenged significantly more steinernematid-killed (60-85%) than heterorhabditid-killed (10-20%) insects. More 4-day-postinfected cadavers (hosts died within 48 h after exposure to nematodes) were scavenged than 10-day-postinfected cadavers. Ten-day-postinfected cadavers contained live infective juvenile nematodes therefore ants may serve as phoretic agents. Other ant species, including Veromessor andrei (Mayr), Pheidole vistana Forel, Formica pacifica Francoeur, and Monomoriom ergatogyna Wheeler, also scavenged nematode-killed insects. These ant species removed or destroyed about 45% of the steinernematid-killed insects. These results suggest that survival of steinernematid nematodes may be more significantly impacted by invertebrate scavengers, especially ants, than that of heterorhabditid nematodes, and placement of steinernematid-killed insects in the field for biological control may be an ineffective release strategy. Because entomopathogenic nematodes kill insects with the help of symbiotic bacteria, we tested the role of these bacterial species in deterring invertebrate scavengers by injecting bacteria (without nematodes) into insects and placing the cadavers in the field. None of the insects killed by the symbiotic bacterium, Photorhabdus luminescens (Thomas and Poinar) from Heterohabditis bacteriophora Poinar, were scavanged [scavenged], whereas 70% of the insects killed by the symbiotic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophilus (Poinar and Thomas) from Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser), and 90% of the insects killed by Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner were scavenged by the Argentine ant. We conclude that P. luminescens is responsible for preventing ants from foraging on heterorhabditid-killed hosts." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 26 |
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| Note: | Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Baur, M. E., H. K. Kaya, and D. R. Strong. 1998. Foraging ants as scavengers on entomopathogenic nematode-killed insects. Biol. Control: Theory Appl. Pest Manage. 12(3):p. 231-236. |
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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1049964498906351/pdf?md5=075e3fcc731026f23f5211599630d2bb&pid=1-s2.0-S1049964498906351-main.pdf
Last checked: 09/29/2015
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MSU catalog number: SB 925 .B5 |
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