Full TGIF Record # 5573
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DOI:10.2134/jeq1977.00472425000600020023x
Web URL(s):https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/6/2/JEQ0060020211
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https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/articles/6/2/JEQ0060020211
    Last checked: 12/08/2016
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    Notes: Item is within a limited-access website
Publication Type:
i
Refereed
Author(s):Chichester, F. W.
Author Affiliation:North Appalachian Experimental Watershed, USDA-ARS, Coshocton, Ohio
Title:Effects of increased fertilizer rates on nitrogen content of runoff and percolate from monolith lysimeters
Source:Journal of Environmental Quality. Vol. 6, No. 2, April-June 1977, p. 211-217.
Publishing Information:Madison, Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America
# of Pages:7
Related Web URL:https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/abstracts/6/2/JEQ0060020211
    Last checked: 12/08/2016
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    Notes: Abstract only
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Nitrogen fertilizers; Leaching; Environmental pollution; Water; Nitrogen; Poa pratensis; Danthonia spicata
Abstract/Contents:"Nitrogen (N) fertilizer was applied to meadow (Danthonia spicata L., Poa pratensis L., and Medicago sativa L. Dactylis glomerata L.)- and corn (Zea mays L.)-cropped lysimeters at rates up to 322 and 672 kg/ha per year, respectively, to determine the effects on chemical quality of surface and subsurface water. Runoff and percolate samples collected from May 1971 through April 1975 were analyzed for inorganic and total N content. Results were evaluated from crop and soil cover treatment differences and compared with data from a similar, earlier study on the same lysimeters in which very low rates of N fertilizer were used. Nitrogen losses in runoff were greatest in the summer when intense rainfall events occurred shortly after the date of fertilizer application. Quantities of N transported in surface water decreased as the amount of effective soil cover increased. The N losses ranged from < 1 kg/ha per year for meadow to 10 kg/ha per year for clean cultivated corn. Nitrogen loss by leaching was greatest during the winter when percolation rates increased because of low evapotranspirational demand. Differences observed among management practices were primarily a function of the levels of soluble N remaining in the soil at the end of the growing season. Nitrogen flux was < 10 kg/ha per year under meadow, with N concentrations in the percolate not exceeding the 10 ppm NO3-N level recommended for potable water by the U. S. Public Health Service. More than 250 kg/ha per year of N loss was measured under corn, with N concentrations in percolating water attaining 70 ppmfar in excess of recommended levels. Results of this study demonstrated that improved fertilizer management, involving application rates in balance with crop nutrient requirements, soil incorporation of fertilizer materials, and adequate soil cover, will minimize runoff and leaching losses which reduce fertilizer efficiency and adversely affect water quality."
Language:English
References:9
Note:Tables
Graphs
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Chichester, F. W. 1977. Effects of increased fertilizer rates on nitrogen content of runoff and percolate from monolith lysimeters. J. Environ. Qual. 6(2):p. 211-217.
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DOI: 10.2134/jeq1977.00472425000600020023x
Web URL(s):
https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/6/2/JEQ0060020211
    Last checked: 12/08/2016
    Requires: PDF Reader
    Notes: Item is within a limited-access website
https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/articles/6/2/JEQ0060020211
    Last checked: 12/08/2016
    Requires: PDF Reader
    Notes: Item is within a limited-access website
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