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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Pfender, W.;
Burr, R. |
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| Author Affiliation: | USDA-ARS NFSPRC and Ag Research Inc., Corvallis, OR |
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| Title: | Comparison of fungicides and intial spray dates in control of stem rust on perennial ryegrass grown for seed, 1997 |
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| Source: | Fungicide and Nematicide Tests. Vol. 53, 1998, p. 471. |
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| Publishing Information: | St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Lolium perenne; Puccinia graminis subsp. graminis; Fungicides; Application timing; Disease control; Seed production; Propiconazole; Tank mix; Application rates
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Comparison of fungicides and intial spray dates in control of stem rust on perennial ryegrass grown for seed, 1997: Experiments were conducted in a perennial ryegrass field 5 mi south of Corvallis, OR, on Mallabon silt loam, pH 6.5. The field was planted 18 Sep 96, with carbon-banding and pre-emergence herbicide. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the fall (30 lb/A), and in spring (2 applications of 64 lb/A each). In one experiment, fungicides were applied at heading (9 May) and two additonal times at 3-wk intervals. In the other experiment, located immediately adjacent to the first, the intial fungicide application was delayed until 29 May, at which time rust severity (modified cobb scale) was approximately 10%; one additonal application was made three weeks later. In each experiment, plots were 8 ft X 25 ft and were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete-block design. Fungicides were applied using a backpack sprayer with an 8-ft boom and XRj8003 flat fan nozzles in 20 gal/A carrier at 30 psi. Disease incidence was evaluated on 50 tillers per plot. Plots were harvested on 10 Jul 97 using a small-plot harvester to cut a strip 3.12 ft x 18.4 ft from the center of each plots. The cut grasss was dried outdoors in burlap bags for 3 weeks, and threshed on a belt thresher with 8/64 round-hole top screen and 6 X 32 woven-wire bottom screen. Seed was cleaned first on an M2B seed cleaner with 7/64 round-hole top screen and 6 X 30 woven-wire bottom screen and no air, then with a Westrup air/screen machine using a 7/64 round-hole top screen, a 4 X 28 woven-wire bottom screen and forced air. Final cleaning was done in an air-column separator for 15 sec. Yield of cleaned seed from the 57.4 ft² harvested area was converted to lb/A, and weight of 1000 seeds determined. Although intial stem rust development was later in this year than in some years, it was adequate for a good test. The disease was first observed on 10 Apr 97, and reached a severity (modified cobb scale on stem above flag leaf) of 70% in check plots by 26 Jun 97. In two- and three-application programs, yield was significantly less (approximately 35% lower) in check plots than in fungicide-treated plots. In the three-application program disease was significantly less on fungicide-treated plots than in unprotected plots, all fungicides improved seed weights, and Quadris at 9.2 fl oz/A produced a higher 1000-seed weight than other treatments. In the two-application program, disease was significantly less in treatments with Quadris (alone or in combination with other fungicides) than in unprotected plots; disease was not significantly less for the sterol-inhibiting fungicides used alone than for unprotected plots. However, there were no significant differences among fungicides in yield (lb/A) response: all improved yield compared to unprotected plants. The 1000-seed weight did not differ among fungicide treatments in the two-application program (all were higher than the check). Thus a yield improvement was correlated with lower disease incidence in the three-application program, but in the two-application program yield improvements were seen in all fungicide treatments whether or not they differed statistically from the check in disease incidence." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Pfender, W., and R. Burr. 1998. Comparison of fungicides and intial spray dates in control of stem rust on perennial ryegrass grown for seed, 1997. Fungicide Nematicide Tests. 53:p. 471. |
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