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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Griffin, J. L.;
Clay, P. A.;
Grymes, C. F.;
Hanks, J. E. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Griffin, Clay, and Grymens: Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Hanks: USDA-ARS, Stoneville, Mississippi. |
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| Title: | Bermudagrass control with roundup using a sensor controlled hooded sprayer in sugarcane |
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| Meeting Info.: | 51st Annual Meeting, Birmingham, AL, January 26-28, 1998 |
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| Source: | Southern Weed Science Society Proceedings. Vol. 51, 1998, p. 23. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society. |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Cynodon; Weed control; Glyphosate; Agriculture; Application methods; Spraying; Surfactants; Equipment; Technology
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Bermudagrass is becoming more prevalent in Louisiana sugarcane fields and currently labeled herbicides used within the crop do not provide adequate control. Roundup and Roundup Ultra applied with a hooded sprayer in April or October were evaluated for bermudagrass control. In one study, CP 65-357 sugarcane was planted in December 1993 and the field was not worked prior to Roundup application on April 26 of the following year. Bermudagrass covered 30 to 70% of the row tops and sides when Roundup plus Induce nonionic surfactant was applied. Hoods were 48 inches wide and covered the row middles leaving a nontreated area approximately 24 inches wide on the row top. Even though wind speed was 7 to 10 mph during Roundup application, no significant sugarcane injury was observed. At 10 d after treatment (DAT), bermudagrass control within the treated area ranged from 84 to 93%. Roundup at 3.5 and 4 quarts/A provided greater control of bermudagrass than 2.5 quarts/A. On July 18, bermudagrass ground cover on the row tops was 90% for the nontreated check, but no more than 32% for the Roundup treatments. Even so, sugarcane stalk population and height in August, and sugarcane and sugar yields were equivalent whether or not Roundup was applied. In 1995, Roundup plus Induce was applied with a hooded sprayer on October 20 to CP 70-321 sugarcane harvested for seed. Bermudagrass ground cover was approximately 85% and sugarcane regrowth was present at application. Bermudagrass control within the treated area 43 DAT was 68, 80, and 91% for 1, 2, and 3 qts/A, respectively. On May 17 of the following year, bermudagrass coverage of the row top was 28, 24, and 11% for Roundup at 1, 2, and 3 qts/A, respectively, compared with 71% for the nontreated check. Because of the poor sugarcane stand the stubble was destroyed. In 1996, two experiments were conducted. Roundup Ultra was applied at 2 qt/A on October 15 to CP 70-321 sugarcane planted 8 weeks earlier. Bermudagrass ground cover was variable and approximately 25% in experiment 1 and 40% in experiment 2. Sugarcane was 12 to 15 inches tall with 3 to 5 leaves and wind speed was 7 to 10 mph at application time. Bermudagrass control was compared using a standard hood and one equipped with a Weedseeker^Dtm Model 600 system (Patchen California, Inc.), which consisted of four plant sensors with internal light sources and solenoid/nozzle assemblies. The unique differences in the spectral characteristics of light reflected from green plant material and bare soil can be detected by the sensors allowing herbicide to be applied only when weeds are present. Both hoods were attached to the same tool bar to allow for side-by-side comparisons. Use of the sensor-equipped hood resulted in 29 to 68% savings (experiment 1) and 5 to 27% savings (experiment 2) in Roundup volume sprayed compared with the standard hood that sprayed continuously. Bermudagrass control on the row tops and in the middles 24 DAT was excellent (98 to 100%) where both the standard and sensor-equipped hoods were used. Ability of sensors to detect weed presence and activate and deactivate solenoids that controlled spray delivery was particularly impressive since ground speed was 5 mph. A slight reduction (5-10%) in sugarcane plant height was observed 24 DAT. On March 21 of the following year, bermudagrass ground cover was no more than 3% in either experiment where Roundup was applied compared with 25% (experiment 1) and 61% (experiment 2) for the nontreated checks. No visual differences in sugarcane height or shoot population were observed between the treated and nontreated plots. In 1997, Roundup Ultra at 2 qt/A was applied using standard and sensor-equipped hoods on October 30 at three locations. Bermudagrass ground cover ranged from 15 to 60%. Use of the sensor-equipped hood resulted in an average savings in Roundup spray volume of 17 to 30%. Bermudagrass control was at least 94% and sugarcane was not injured. Results indicate that Roundup application with a hooded sprayer can be an effective bermudagrass management tool. Use of a sensor-equipped hooded sprayer significantly reduced herbicide cost without sacrificing bermudagrass control. When Roundup was applied in October the rate required for bermudagrass control was less than when applied in April. Research is underway to determine the effect of fall applications of Roundup on bermudagrass infestation in ratoon crops." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Griffin, J. L., P. A. Clay, C. F. Grymes, and J. E. Hanks. 1998. Bermudagrass control with roundup using a sensor controlled hooded sprayer in sugarcane. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 51:p. 23. |
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