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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Rankins, A. Jr.;
Shaw, D. R.;
Boyette, M.;
Kingery, W. L.;
Smith, M. C. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762 |
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| Title: | Herbicide and sediment losses in runoff as affected by perennial grasses |
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| Section: | Soil and environmental aspects of weed science
Other records with the "Soil and environmental aspects of weed science" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | 52nd Annual Meeting, Greensboro, NC, January 25-27, 1999 |
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| Source: | Southern Weed Science Society Proceedings. Vol. 52, 1999, p. 193. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society. |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Water quality; Nonpoint source pollution; Pesticides; Filter strips; Best management practices; Festuca arundinacea; Surface runoff; Arundo donax; Panicum virgatum; Choice of species; Tripsacum dactyloides; Andropogon gerardii; Precipitation
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| Abstract/Contents: | "In recent years, much attention has been placed on reduced water quality due to nonpoint source pollution problems. Technological advances expanding pesticide detection limits have heightened these concerns. Vegetative filter strips as best management practices are increasingly being investigated for reducing the off-site movement of agrochemicals. Researchers have found that tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Filter strips reduce sediment and herbicides losses in surface runoff. However, grasses with stiff, upright growth characteristics may be more tolerant to inundation from surface runoff. Field experiments were conducted in 1996, 1997 and 1998 at Brooksville, MS to investigate the utility of giant reed (Arundo donox L.), eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides L.), big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman), switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and tall fescue as filter strips for reducing sediment, fluometuron, and norflurazon losses in surface runoff. Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was planted in 4 x 22 m soil erosion plots, and fluometuron and norflurazon were each applied PRE at 1.7 kg/ha . Treatments consisted of a 0.3 m filter strip of each species and an untreated check with no filter strip. A rainfall simulator was used to supplement natural rainfall as needed to provide timely runoff events. Following each runoff event, runoff samples were collected from each plot and stored at 2 C until HPLC analysis. Sampling continued for 127 days after herbicide applications on July 7, 1996, June 26, 1997, and June 25, 1998. Sediment and herbicide loss data from all three years were subjected to regression analysis to describe loss patterns, and the slope equality of regression equations were used to determine treatment differences. Giant reed and eastern gamagrass filter strips resulted in less cumulative runoff losses than the other three species evaluated. The presence of a filter strip reduced sediment losses in surface runoff, regardless of species. Fluometuron and norflurazon concentration in runoff was highest in the initial runoff events in al three years. Genrally, filter strip effects on herbicide concentration in runoff were less dramatic than their effects on runoff and sediment losses. Differences in herbicide concentration in runoff across years were related to rainfall patterns and stand establishment of the filter strip species. Across years 12% of the total applied flumeturon was lost in surface runoff when no filter strip was present. However, fluometuron losses in runoff did not exceed 5% of the total applied when a filter strip was present, regardless of species. Approximately 5% of the total applied norflurazon was lost in surface rjnoff when no filter strip was present. Norflurazon losses in runoff did not exceed 2% of the total applied when a giant reed, eastern gamagrass, or big bluestem filter strip was present." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Rankins, A. Jr., D. R. Shaw, M. Boyette, W. L. Kingery, and M. C. Smith. 1999. Herbicide and sediment losses in runoff as affected by perennial grasses. South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 52:p. 193. |
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