Full TGIF Record # 64024
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Publication Type:
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Report
Content Type:Abstract or Summary only
Author(s):Martin, D. L.; Evans, C. C.; Dobson, D. D.
Author Affiliation:Oklahoma State University
Title:Effects of pre-emergent herbicides on newly seeded common bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon)
Section:Posters
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Meeting Info.:52nd Annual Meeting, Greensboro, NC, January 25-27, 1999
Source:Southern Weed Science Society Proceedings. Vol. 52, 1999, p. 248-249.
Publishing Information:Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society.
# of Pages:2
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Preemergence herbicides; Cynodon dactylon; Bermudagrass control; Herbicide evaluation; Weed invasion; Seeding; Organic matter; Soil pH; Raking; Application rates; Nitrogen; Spraying; DCPA; Isoxaben; Dithiopyr; Oxadiazon; Pendimethalin; Quinclorac; Prodiamine; Phytotoxicity; Clippings; Shoot density
Facility Names:Oklahoma State University Turfgrass Research Center, in Stillwater, Oklahoma
Cultivar Names:Cheyenne
Abstract/Contents:"Invasion of common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) turfgrass stands by summer annual weedy grasses during the seedling establishment phase is a serious problem in many regions of the world. Questions exist concerning how early a pre-emergent herbicide can be applied to a bermudagrass stand following seeding without serious injury occurring to the stand. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of commonly used pre-emergent herbicides on recently seeded common bermudagrass. Studies were conducted at the Oklahoma State University Turfgrass Research Center, Stillwater, OK. The soil type was a sandy loam soil containing 1.1% organic matter and having a pH of 6.6 Methyl bromide was used to fumigate the site prior to research. Experiments were seeded with 'Cheyenne' common bermudagrass (CB) at 0.45 kg of pure live seed ha⁻¹ on 19 July 1991 and 16 July 1992. Seed was incorporated by raking in two directions with leaf rakes. Prior to establishment the area had been fertilized with 48.8 kg N ha⁻¹, 9.7 kg P ha⁻¹, 24.3 kg K ha⁻¹. Irrigation was performed by hand with a water breaker during initial establishment, and later through automated sprinklers to provide 1.9 cm water wk⁻¹. Nitrogen was applied at 48.9 kg N ha⁻¹ during each growing month throughout the study using a 34-0-0 (N-P-K) source. Herbicide treatments in 1991 consisted of sprayable formulations of DCPA (11.77kg ha⁻¹), isoxaben (1.49 kg ha⁻¹), dithiopyr (0.56 kg ha⁻¹), oxadiazon (3.36 kg ha⁻¹), pedimethalin (3.36 kg ha⁻¹), quinclorac (1.12 kg ha⁻¹), and prodiamine (0.84 kg ha⁻¹). In 1992 treatments were the same as in 1991 plus additional sprayable treatments of dithiopyr (0.56 kg ha⁻¹) and metolachlor (4.48 kg ha⁻¹) as well as a granular treatment of oxadiazon (3.36 kg ha⁻¹). Treatments were applied to CB at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 weeks after planting (WAP). Herbicide x age group plots measured 1.5 m X 1.5 m. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with three replications. Treatments were applied via CO₂ pressurized hand boom with three 8005LP flat fan tips. Spray volume was 514.4 L ha⁻¹. The granular oxadiazon was applied with a hand held shaker. One hour after application all plots were watered with sufficient volume to wet leaves to the point of complete canopy wetting. Subsequent weekly irrigation was used to move the herbicides into the soil. Phytotoxicity ratings were collected 2X wk⁻¹ for 2 wk on all age groups except 0WAP. Clippings (dry matter yield) were harvested 2X wk⁻¹ beginning four DAT until 30 DAT from all age groups except 0 WAP. Mowing height was 1.9 cm. Shoot density (three random samples) was measured at 30 DAT in 1992 on all age group x treatments except 0WAP. Root dry matter was assessed at 30 DAT in 1991 and 1992 . An ANOVA was performed on each set of data using a split plot in time treatment design. CB age (WAP) and herbicide treatments were main plots with sampling dates as subplots. An LSD test was used to separate means at the P<0.05 level. Weather conditions were very optimal and the CB established very rapidly in both 1991 and 1992. Sprayable oxadiazon and quinclorac were phytotoxic to all ages of CB. The effect was most prevalent at 5 DAT with complete recovery by 13 DAt in both 1991 and 1992. Metolachlor was phytotoxic to all ages of CB, and the effect usually lasted through 13 DAT. No other treatments produced a significant phytotoxic effect. DCPA, quinclorac, prodiamine and oxadiazon (G) did not produce a reduction in clipping yield relative to the control. Isoxaben and oxadiazon sprayable formulation only reduced clipping yields when applied 2WAP in 1991 (reduction by 20 and 21%). Pendimethalin and the low rate of dithiopyr only reduced clipping yields when applied 2WAP in 1992 (reduction by 26 and 44%). The high rate of dithiopyr reduced clipping yields at 2WAP in 1991 (65% reduction) and at all dates in 1992. While not significant, this rate reduced yield at all other WAP in 1991. Metolachlor reduced clipping yields (ave. 73% reduction) of all age groups of CB. Herbicide treatments did not affect shoot density. Shoot density increased from 0-10 WAP, then declined slightly at 12-14 WAP. Root mass was not affected by herbicide treatments. Root mass followed a general trend of increasing from 6-10WAP, declining slightly between 10-12WAP before increasing again between 12-14 WAP in 1991 and 1992."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Martin, D. L., C. C. Evans, and D. D. Dobson. 1999. Effects of pre-emergent herbicides on newly seeded common bermudagrass (cynodon dactylon). South. Weed Sci. Soc. Proc. 52:p. 248-249.
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