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| Web URL(s): | http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1978_vol32.pdf#page=299
Last checked: 07/25/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Mitchell, W. H.;
Hendricks, G. J.;
McHugh, A. E. |
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| Title: | Effect of surfactants on germination of hairy crabgrass and annual bluegrass |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Science Society. Vol. 32, 1978, p. 301-302. |
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| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, NY: Northeastern Weed Science Society |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Digitaria sanguinalis; Poa annua
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| Abstract/Contents: | The effect of surfactants on germination of hairy crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis Scop.) and annual bluegrass ( Poa annua L.) was studied under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions. Both germinable and non-germinable hairy crabgrass seeds were used since a mixed population would be expected under field conditions. To achieve germination of the latter, endosperms were pierced with a sterilized sewing needle. All seeds were surface sterilized with a 10% chlorox solution (v/v) prior to initiation of tests. Petri dishes, lined with filter paper or containing finely screened silt loam soil, were used in growth chamber tests. Fifty hairy crabgrass seeds were placed in each dish. Surfactants used included Triton GR-5M (anionic), Priminox R-15 (cationic) and the following non-ionic materials: Triton X-100, AR-150, Surf-Side and Aqua-Gro. Surfactant treatments, ranging in concentration from 0.1 to 1.0% (v/v) using water as a solvent, were applied in sufficient amounts to thoroughly moisten the filter paper or soil. Adequate moisture levels were maintained either by repeated applications of surfactant treatments or distilled water. Final germination counts were made at the end of a 21-day test period. Greenhouse tests were conducted in 15 cm plastic pots using silt loam soil as a growth medium. Soil for the greenhouse test, involving annual bluegrass, was collected from an area heavily infested with the weed. All vegetation was removed from the soil surface prior to extraction of soil cores by use of a standard golf cup-cutter. Cores were placed in plastic pots, with soil mixed to a depth of 1.0 cm and treated with a 1% (v/v) solution of Triton X-100. The appearance of annual bluegrass seedlings was recorded over a period of 41 days. All tests involved three replications in a completely randomized design. The pattern of germination of hairy crabgrass, comparing treated and untreated seed, showed that treatment caused a reduction in germination with no apparent induction of a lag period (Fig. 1). Non-ionic and anionic surfactants were more effective than cationic types when used on soil growth media. Surfactant activity appeared to involve seed sorption resulting in possible reduction in oxygen diffusion. In this respect they were effective against both dormant and non-dormant seeds. Activity of surfactants was related to rate of application and moisture and temperature of growth media. It is suggested that by proper timing of application these factors combine to interrupt the normal growth cycle of hairy crabgrass leading to gradual reduction in the weed population. |
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| Language: | English |
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| Note: | Chart
This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Mitchell, W. H., G. J. Hendricks, and A. E. McHugh. 1978. Effect of surfactants on germination of hairy crabgrass and annual bluegrass. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 32:p. 301-302. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1978_vol32.pdf#page=299
Last checked: 07/25/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
| 
MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 |
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