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| Web URL(s): | http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1993_vol47.pdf#page=7
Last checked: 07/24/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Fidanza, M. A.;
Dernoeden, P. H.;
Zhang, M. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Fidanza: Graduate Research Assistant; Dernoeden: Professor; and Zhang: Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Agronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD |
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| Title: | Environmental monitoring of smooth crabgrass germination |
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| Section: | Research poster - Tuesday January 5
Other records with the "Research poster - Tuesday January 5" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Baltimore, MD: January 4-7, 1993 |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the 47th Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed Science Society. Vol. 47, 1993, p. 7. |
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| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, NY: Northeastern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Monitoring; Digitaria ischaemum; Germination; Poa pratensis; Seed germination; Environmental factors; Mowing height; Soil temperature; Air temperature; Temperatures; Soil depth; Comparisons
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| Cultivar Names: | Fylking |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "There is little information available on the environmental requirements for smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl.] seed germination. Smooth crabgrass seedlings have appeared in open stands of turf at Silver Spring, MD between 18 and 26 April since 1980. However, it is unknown when to expect the major crabgrass germination period or when germination ceases during a season. The objetive of this study is to utilize air and soil temperature data from a field monitoring station to accurately determine when initial crabgrass germination occurs, when the major germination period(s) are, and how long into the season to expect smooth crabgrass germination. Environmental information could help maximize herbicide use and possibly reduce herbicide inputs and dollars spent on controlling smooth crabgrass. The study was initiated on a stand of 'Fylking' Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) with a history of heavy smooth crabgrass infestations. The area was fertilized with 49 kg N ha⁻¹ on 10 April 1992 and treated with a pre-packaged mixture of 2,4-D + dicamba + MCPP on 20 April 1992 to control broadleaf weeds. Smooth crabgrass seed germination was monitored on a weekly basis from April to September under two mowing heights of 3.7 cm and 6.4 cm. Plots were 1.5 by 4.5 m and arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The site was mowed bi-weekly with a rotary mower. An environmental monitoring system was installed on 10 April 1992. A CR 10 Measurement and Control Module (Campbell Scientific, Logan, Utah) was used to operate soil and air temperature sensors, and to collect and store the data. Soil temperatures were measured across both mowing heights at three depths: 1) 0.0 cm where sensors were placed adjacent to plant crowns; 2) 2.5 ± 0.5 cm soil depth; and 3) 5.0 ± 0.5 cm soil depth. Air temperatures were measured at 30 cm above the soil surface. Soil and air temperatures were recorded at 5 minute intervals and averaged on an hourly basis. All recorded data were temporarily stored in the CR 10 Control Module then transferred to a laptop computer for further storage and analysis. Smooth crabgrass seedlings were first observed in bareground areas of the turf on 26 April 1992. Seedlings were counted weekly by randomly dropping a 10 by 10 cm grid three times in each plot between late April and mid-July. Beginning on 15 July 1992 a new system based on a fixed 625 cm² grid was begun. Each plot contained three fixed grids and each week seedlings were counted then removed. Under low mowing, the first crabgrass seedlings began to emerge from 27 April to 3 May when average weekly minimum and maximum soil temperatures at crown level reached 12 and 22°C; respectively. The average minimum and maximum air temperatures for the week of 27 April to 3 May were 6 and 21°C; respectively. Since air temperatures were below normal for May (average monthly minimum and maximum were 8 and 21°C; respectively) smooth crabgrass seed germination was sparse with higher seedling counts observed in low cut plots. The major smooth crabgrass seed germination period began in early June. By 15 June 1992, there was an average of three crabgrass seedlings/100 cm² in low cut plots versus only one seedling/100 cm² in high cut turf. Under low mowing, average minimum and maximum temperatures at crown level associated with the major smooth crabgrass seed germination period of 15 June to 13 July 1992 were 20 and 31°C; respectively. Also, from 15 June to 13 July 1992, average minimum and maximum air temperatures were 14 and 27°C; respectively. Smooth crabgrass seed germination after 10 August was sparse, but continued into late September." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Fidanza, M. A., P. H. Dernoeden, and M. Zhang. 1993. Environmental monitoring of smooth crabgrass germination. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 47:p. 7. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_1993_vol47.pdf#page=7
Last checked: 07/24/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 v. 53 |
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