Full TGIF Record # 74298
Item 1 of 1
Publication Type:
i
Refereed
Author(s):Cyril, J.; Powell, G. L.; Baird, W. V.
Author Affiliation:Cyril and Baird: Department of Horticulture, Poole Agriculture Center, Clemson University, Clemson, SC; Powell: Biology Department, Clemson University, Clemson, SC
Title:Changes in membrane fatty acid composition during cold acclimation and characterization of fatty acid desaturase genes in bermudagrass
Section:Physiology
Other records with the "Physiology" Section
Meeting Info.:Toronto, Ontario, Canada: July 2001
Source:International Turfgrass Society Research Journal. Vol. 9, No. Part 1, 2001, p. 259-267.
Publishing Information:Oakville, Ontario, Canada: International Turfgrass Society
# of Pages:9
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Enzymes; Fatty acids; Cold acclimation; Characteristics; Identification; Cynodon dactylon; Cynodon; Rhizomes; Lipids; Genetic characterization
Cultivar Names:Quickstand; Arizona common
Abstract/Contents:"Many warm-season turfgrass species are grown in temperate regions outside their zone of adaptation. In these situations, bermudagrass (Cyndon spp.) can be exposed to winters severe enough to sustain significant damage to the perennating rhizomes and crowns. Cold acclimation (hardening) is the process by which plants alter their physiology to such an extent that they are able to survive exposure to previosly lethal temperatures. 'Quickstand', a relatively cold-tolerant cultivar, and Arizona common, a cold-sensitive genotype were exposed to conditions known to induce cold-acclimation [8/4°C (day/night) temperature, 10-hour photo period, 250 μmol m-2 s-1 PPFD (photosynthetic photon flux density). Rhizome tissue was analyzed by gas chromatography for changes in membrane lipid fatty acid composition during the three-week experiments. Four major fatty acids made up greater than 95% of the fatty acid content. Relatively minor changes were observed for the short-chain saturated fatty acids, palmitic acid and stearic acid. The long-chain, di-unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid, showed a decrease during cold hardening. This was accompanied by an increase in the tri-unsaturated fatty acid, linoleic acid. These alterations occurred more quickly (linoleic acid decreased at a rate of 4.7 μg/day vs 2.2 μg/day; linolenic acid increased at a rate of 5.1 μg/day vs. 1.8D8mg/day) and to a greater magnitude (decrease in linoleic acid of 37.5 μg vs 15.9μg; increase in linolenic acid of 96.4 μg vs 33.8 μg) in Quickstand than in Arizona common, respectively. These findings support the concept that an increase in membrane lipid desaturation is an adaptive response to low temperatures. The fatty acid desaturases are encoded by gene families. Stearoyl-ACP desaturase appears to have two to four family members. The oleoyl desaturase and the linoleoyl desaturase gene families are estimated at three to five members each. This nuclear organization is consistent with finding from other plant species, and with the ploidy level of the different bermudagrass genotypes."
Language:English
References:34
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ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Cyril, J., G. L. Powell, and W. V. Baird. 2001. Changes in membrane fatty acid composition during cold acclimation and characterization of fatty acid desaturase genes in bermudagrass. Int. Turfgrass Soc. Res. J. 9(Part 1):p. 259-267.
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