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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Bultemeier, Jamie J.;
Jordan, Thomas N.;
Van Scoyoc, George E.;
Ross, Merrill A.;
Willoughby, Gregory L. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Bultemeier: Graduate Research Assistant; Van Scoyoc: Professor, and Willoughby: Director of Crop Diagnostic Training and Research Center Department of Agronomy; Jordan: Professor; and Ross: Professor, Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN |
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| Title: | Effects of soil pH on weed growth and subsequent herbicidal control |
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| Section: | Soil and environmental aspects
Other records with the "Soil and environmental aspects" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Columbus, OH: December 14-16, 1999 |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the North Central Weed Science Society. Vol. 55, December 2000, p. 33-34. |
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| Publishing Information: | Champaign, IL: North Central Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 2 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Soil pH; Weed control; Herbicides; Aluminum; Toxicity; Preemergence weed control; Postemergence weed control; Imazethapyr; Chlorimuron; Broadleaf weed control; Organic matter; Dry weight; Injuries
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| Abstract/Contents: | "Greenhouse studies were conducted to determine the effects of soil pH levels and aluminum toxicity on weed growth and subsequent preemergence and postemergence applications of imazethapyr and chlorimuron on several grass and broadleaf species. Crider and Odell silt loam soils were selected that varied by soil organic matter content and exchangeable aluminum concentrations, and the soil pH levels of the two soils were adjusted with reagent grade calcium carbonate and iron sulfate to a range of 4.5 to 7.5 in 1.0 unit increases. The untreated maximum dry weight production of each plant species occurred at similar soil pH levels for both soils except for the grass species of grain sorghum and giant foxtail. In the Crider silt loam the exchangeable aluminum levels increased from 6 ppm to 12 ppm, well below toxic levels, as soil pH decreased from 7.3 to 5.0, compared to the Odell soil where exchangeable aluminum levels increased from 7 ppm to 71 ppm, well above aluminum toxicity levels, as the pH decreased from 7.5 to 4.8. In the Crider silt loam, plant dry weight production of aluminum intolerant grain sorghum 'TX623' and giant foxtail increased 43 and 27% respectively as the soil pH decreased from 7.3 to 5.0. However, in the Odell silt loam, dry weight production of 'TX623' and giant foxtail decreased by 5 and 19% respectively as soil pH decreased from 7.5 to 4.8, thus changing the competition dynamics of these species. Visual injury from preemergence herbicide application was reduced 35 to 41% at lower soil pH levels of 5.0 to 4.8 when the soil organic matter increased from 2.4 to 4.1% for the Crider and Odell silt loam respectively. In contrast, visual injury from postemergence herbicide application was dependent upon the herbicide used and the plant species over the various pH levels. The plant species included in the study, when treated preemergence with the herbicides, had an average plant dry weight reduction of 30% at pH 5.0 and 42% at pH 7.3 in the Crider silt loam, and 10% at pH 4.8 and 42% at pH 7.5 in the Odell silt loam. The decreased plant dry weight reduction in the Odell silt loam at the lower pH can be attributed [to] increased herbicide binding to soil organic matter and aluminum hydroxides. The sub-lethal postmergence rates of the herbicides in most cases did not significantly reduce plant dry weight except for the two grain sorghum species when treated with chlorimuron. Grain sorghum, when treated postemergence with the herbicides, had an average plant dry weight reduction of 15% at pH 5.0 in the Crider silt loam and 5% at pH 7.5 in the Odell silt loam, which corresponded to the pH level where maximum dry weight accumulated for the untreated plants in the respective soil. Hemp sesbania, when treated postemergence with chlorimuron, had a maximum dry weight reduction of 10% at the soil pH level of 6.1 to 6.5 that corresponds to the maximum dry weight accumulation for the untreated hemp sesbania plant." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Bultemeier, J. J., T. N. Jordan, G. E. Van Scoyoc, M. A. Ross, and G. L. Willoughby. 2000. Effects of soil pH on weed growth and subsequent herbicidal control. Proc. North Cent. Weed Sci. Soc. 55:p. 33-34. |
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