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Publication Type:
| Professional |
Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
Author(s): | Bigelow, Cale A.;
Bowman, Daniel C.;
Cassel, D. Keith |
Author Affiliation: | Bigelow: Graduated Doctoral Student, Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University; Bowman: Associate Professor and Extension Specialist, Crop Science Department, North Carolina State University; and Cassel: Professor, Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University |
Title: | Water retention of sand-based putting green mixtures as affected by the presence of gravel sub-layers |
Section: | Research: ITS summary Other records with the "Research: ITS summary" Section
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Source: | North Carolina Turfgrass. Vol. 18 [19], No. 6, October/November 2001, p. 43. |
Publishing Information: | Southern Pines, NC: The Turfgrass Council of North Carolina, Inc. |
# of Pages: | 1 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Sandy soils; Drainage; Soil water retention; Particle size; Physical properties of soil; Gravel; Golf greens; Sand-based golf greens; Golf courses
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Abstract/Contents: | "Modern putting greens are normally constructed using a high (>85%) sand content rootzone to resist compaction and drain quickly. Conventionally, the sand-based mixture is placed over a gravel sub-layer, partly to perch water above the gravel and increase water retention in the sand. This study used soil columns to evaluate the effect of gravel size (fine and medium) on water retention of three sands (medium, mixed, and coarse), each with or without 10% peat moss (v:v). The role of capillary continuity and interface flow between the sand and gravel layers was also examined by treating the fine gravel with a hydrophobic coating. Sand size had the greatest effect on water retention (medium> mixed>coarse) with peat moss significantly increasing water retention for each sand. The presence of a gravel sub-layer significantly reduced water retention in the top (0-8 cm) and the middle (10-18 cm) sections of the 30 cm rootzones compared to minus-gravel treatments. Gravel size did not affect average water retention in the rootzone. Treating the gravel with a hydrophobic coating significantly increased the water retention in the overlying sand compared to untreated gravel. These data demonstrate that under laboratory conditions, the gravel sub-layer contributes an additional gravitational tension consistent with its depth, which increases drainage and eliminates the perched water table of the overlying sand rootzone." |
Language: | English |
References: | 0 |
Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Bigelow, C. A., D. C. Bowman, and D. K. Cassel. 2001. Water retention of sand-based putting green mixtures as affected by the presence of gravel sub-layers. N.C. Turfgrass. 18 [19](6):p. 43. |
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