Full TGIF Record # 79630
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Author(s):Cox, Caroline
Author Affiliation:Staff Scientist, Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides, Eugene, OR
Title:Oryzalin
Section:Herbicide factsheet
Other records with the "Herbicide factsheet" Section
Source:Journal of Pesticide Reform. Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 2001, p. 16-20.
Publishing Information:Eugene, OR: Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides
# of Pages:5
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Oryzalin; Herbicides; Weeds; Turf; Pesticide use; Pesticide application; Health; Safety; Contamination; Water pollution; Aves; Fish; Environmental effects; Fungi; Rights-of-way; Product profile
Abstract/Contents:"Oryzalin is an herbicide used to control weeds in turf, in orchards and vineyards, around ornamental plants, and along rights of way. At least 2 million pounds of oryzalin are used annually in the U.S. Many oryzalin-containing herbicides cause eye irritation and also can cause skin allergies. In laboratory tests, oryzalin causes anemia. In addition, exposure of pregnant animals caused embryo loss, a reduction in the number of offspring in each litter, and a decrease in the weight of offspring. In a test of oryzalin's ability to cause cancer, exposed animals had more breast tumors, skin tumors, and thyroid tumors than unexposed animals. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies oryzalin as a "possible human carcinogen." Oryzalin can persist in soil up to three years after application, and, according to EPA, is a "moderately mobile" herbicide in soil. Therefore it is not surprising that it often contaminates water. The U.S. Geological Survey found oryzalin in rivers, streams, or wells in almost half (16 of 36) of the river basins that the agency has tested nationwide. Animals can be adversely affected by oryzalin. Birds fed oryzalin gained weight more slowly than unexposed birds. It is also moderately toxic to freshwater fish, particularly juvenile fish, and is highly toxic to oysters. Oryzalin can have unexpected effects on plants that are not a target of the herbicide. For example, oryzalin increases the virulence of a rust that attacks flax plants. At concentrations that occur in soil after applications at typical rates, it decreases the growth of mycorrhizal fungi, beneficial fungi that grow in association with the roots of many plants."
Language:English
References:36
Note:Includes sidebar: "Hazards of inert ingredients" p. 17
Includes map: "Contamination of water (rivers, streams, and wells) in the U.S."
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ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Cox, C. 2001. Oryzalin. J. Pest. Reform. 21(4):p. 16-20.
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