Full TGIF Record # 79899
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Web URL(s):https://turf.rutgers.edu/research/abstracts/symposium2002.pdf#page=60
    Last checked: 02/06/2017
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Content Type:Abstract or Summary only
Author(s):Zhang, Gengyun; Lu, Shaoyun; Meyer, William; Funk, C. Reed; Chen, Tseh An
Author Affiliation:Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers University
Title:Application of somaclonal variation in triploid bermudagrass breeding
Section:Poster presentations
Other records with the "Poster presentations" Section
Meeting Info.:Cook College, Rutgers, NJ: January 10-11, 2002
Source:Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Rutgers TurfgrassSymposium. 2002, p. 59.
Publishing Information:New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Turfgrass Science, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
# of Pages:1
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Cultivar improvement; Cynodon dactylon; Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis; Evaluations; Genetic analysis; Somaclonal variation; Triploids
Cultivar Names:TifEagle
Abstract/Contents:"Triploid bermudagrass are sterile F1 hybrids of Cynodon dactylon x C. transvaalensis. They provide the highest quality turf in warm southern regions. As triploid hybrids, they are sterile and have to be propagated vegetatively. Mutation breeding has been the only way to genetically improve high quality dwarf cultivars, either through natural mutant selection or through radiation induced mutant selection. Somaclonal variation refers to variations occurred during the process of tissue culture and regeneration. Compared to traditional mutation breeding, there are some unique aspects of somaclonal variation: First, the frequency for genetic change can be significantly higher. Second, the regenerating procedure from tissue culture could act as a sieve that eliminates most of [the] deleterious genetic changes. Third, since somaclonal variations are derived from one or a few cultured cells, such variation can be easily stabilized, especially for crops that reproduce vegetatively or by apomixis. Thus, a somaclonal variation with a new trait could be selected as a new cultivar that still retains all or most of the favorable qualities of an existing cultivar. TifEagle is a newly released "ultradwarf" cultivar. Using its nodes as material, we successfully established an embryogenic callus culture and regeneration system. A wide range of variation in important turf traits, e.g. growth vigor, leaf length, leaf color, growth habit, length of internodes and texture, were observed among regenerated plants. With the criteria of traits mentioned, forty-eight of total 106 (45.3%) showed variation and further propagation indicated the variations were usually stable. A highly potential variant, designated showed more appealing color, higher density, shorter length of internodes was selected for further investigation in the laboratory and field. Test plots established at Hort Farm II showed this somaclonal variant could withstand mowing at 5/32 inch during summer growing season. It also showed more appealing color than TifEagle, and its internode length was significantly shorter than TifEagle. Its leaf color retention in fall was about one week longer. In greenhouse tests, the difference of the internode length without mowing was also significant. Additionally, the somaclonal variant showed significantly better drought tolerance than TifEagle with a delay of severe desiccation of about 2 to 3 days. RAPD assay disclosed a slight difference at DNA level between the somaclonal variant and its original parent, TifEagle. Among 40 RAPD primers used and a total of 186 obviously amplified bands, a two bands difference with two different primers was identified. Using nodes from the cultivar, 'TifDwarf,' the tissue culture and regeneration system was also established and several regenerated plants with more appealing color and faster lateral growth rates were observed. These results indicate that somaclonal variation could be a practical method for triploid bermudagrass breeding."
Language:English
References:0
Note:This item is an abstract only!
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Zhang, G., S. Lu, W. Meyer, C. R. Funk, and T. A. Chen. 2002. Application of somaclonal variation in triploid bermudagrass breeding. Proc. Annu. Rutgers Turfgrass Symp. p. 59.
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https://turf.rutgers.edu/research/abstracts/symposium2002.pdf#page=60
    Last checked: 02/06/2017
    Requires: PDF Reader
    Notes: Item is within a single large file
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