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Publication Type:
| Proceedings |
Author(s): | Goss, Roy L. |
Author Affiliation: | Extension Agronomist (Retired), Washington State University, Puyallup Research and Extension Center, Puyallup, Washington |
Title: | Updating information on black layer |
Section: | Lecture notes from New Jersey Turfgrass Expo December 1989 Other records with the "Lecture notes from New Jersey Turfgrass Expo December 1989" Section
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Meeting Info.: | December 1989 |
Source: | Rutgers Turfgrass Proceedings. Vol. 20, 1989, p. 18-21. |
Publishing Information: | New Brunswick, NJ: Cook College and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, In cooperation with the New Jersey Turfgrass Association |
# of Pages: | 4 |
Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Black layer; Organic matter; Golf greens; Golf courses; Golf green maintenance; Preventive control; Compaction; Golf course drainage; Vertical mowing; Irrigation scheduling; Fertilization
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Geographic Terms: | Pacific Northwest United States |
Abstract/Contents: | Discusses issues related to black layer soils. States that putting greens have been subject to it because of the demands for faster greens. Lists four separate conditions that are required for black layer to occur: 1) anaerobic rootzones; 2) electron donors; 3) sulfur reducing bacteria must be present; and 4) sulfur compounds must be in the soil. Mentions that certain factors, including closely and frequently cut grass, verticutting, elimination of aerification, and reduction in irrigated water and fertilizers, all result in the thinning of turfgrass, hardening of soil, and increased bulk density. Lists possible prevention techniques including avoiding the use of fine textured soils on putting greens, applying drainage pipes in impermeable soils, prevention or correction of compaction with aerification, avoiding high accumulations of organic matter using vertical mowing, aerification, and light, frequent sand topdressings, and precise irrigational water control and a balanced nutritional program. |
Language: | English |
References: | 0 |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete): Goss, R. L. 1989. Updating information on black layer. p. 18-21. In Rutgers Turfgrass Proceedings. December 1989. New Brunswick, NJ: Cook College and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers University, In cooperation with the New Jersey Turfgrass Association. |
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