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| Web URL(s): | https://stri.lib.msu.edu/vol62-1986/pdf/sptri86062050.pdf
Last checked: 10/2003
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Available to TGIF and STRI users |
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Holmes, G.;
Bell, M. J. |
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| Author Affiliation: | The Sports Turf Research Institute, Bingley, West Yorkshire, BD16 1AU |
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| Title: | The Playing Quality of Level Bowling Greens: A Survey |
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| Source: | Journal of the Sports Turf Research Institute. Vol. 62, June 1986, p. 50-65. |
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| Publishing Information: | Bingley, England: The Sports Turf Research Institute |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Sports turf; Bowling greens; Leveling; Ball roll measurement; Mowing; Questionnaire surveys; Player perceptions
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| Geographic Terms: | United Kingdom |
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| Abstract/Contents: | SUMMARY: "A sample of 51 level bowling greens was studied to quantify aspects of playing quality. Data were collected on green speeds and the surface levels of 48 greens were surveyed. The usage and maintenance received by the greens were also determined. The date yielded by the surveys of surface levels were condensed into four criteria for each green: (i) the range of spot heights, (ii) the maximum gradient between contiguous spot heights, (iii) their standard deviation and (iv) their kurtosis. The average bowling green possessed the following values for these four criteria: 58 mm, 0.42 degrees, 13.3 mm and -0.16, respectively. The average green speed during the 1985 season was 11.1 s, from 262 measures. Bowling greens that received the highest level of use tended to receive most maintenance and usage was negatively correlated with the maximum gradient between spot heights. The number of hours spent rolling a green was found, surprisingly, to correlate positively with the maximum gradient between spot heights. No other maintenance task appeared to have any significant effect on the evenness of the surfaces. Bowlers were also asked to complete questionnaires concerning the playing quality of their greens. The responses of 50 bowlers to a question on the uniformity of bowl bias were in good agreement with the predicted behaviour of a bowl as judged by the surface geometry. Of 79 players supplying answers to a question on green speed, 56(71%) were "satisfied" with the performance of the rink they had played on. However, 19 (24%) of the bowlers thought their rink was either "slow" or "too slow". The average level of maintenance between 1 March and 30 November 1985 was 218 hours per green, of which, mowing accounted for approximately half." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 12 |
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| See Also: | A variant version of this article was reprinted as Appendix B in Bowling Greens: Their History, Construction and Maintenance, R=13982. R=13982
See also record for Appendix B, p. 179-192, R=4305. R=4305
Also reprinted as Appendix B in Bowling Greens: Their History, Construction and Maintenance, Revised Edition, 1992, p. V-XVI, R=28663. R=28663
Reprinted as Appendix B in All About Bowls: The History Construction & Maintenance of Bowling Greens, 2008, p. 197-212, R=139377. R=139377 |
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| Note: | Summary as abstract
Includes "Players questionnaire" as Appendix 1
Tables
Figures |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Holmes, G., and M. J. Bell. 1986. The Playing Quality of Level Bowling Greens: A Survey. J. Sports Turf Res. Inst. 62:p. 50-65. |
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| Web URL(s):
https://stri.lib.msu.edu/vol62-1986/pdf/sptri86062050.pdf
Last checked: 10/2003
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Available to TGIF and STRI users |
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MSU catalog number: SB 433 .A1 S63 |
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