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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Author(s): | Kinds, H. P. P. |
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| Title: | Developments in sports turfgrasses over the past 25 years |
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| Source: | Zeitschrift für Vegetationstechnik im Landschafts- und Sportstättenbau. Vol. 8, No. 2, 1985, p. 64-70. |
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| Publishing Information: | Hannover, W. Germany: Patzer Verlag GmbH and Co. KG, Alter Flughafen |
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| # of Pages: | 7 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Breeding; Lolium perenne; Wear resistance; Poa annua; Sports turf
Dutch Turfgrass Research Foundation Keywords: 208-C; Sports grounds; Development; Article
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| Geographic Terms: | Netherlands |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The efforts of breeders and many research institutions such as the NSF have brought about many developments in sports turfgrasses in the last 25 years. The most important of these are: 1) Perennial ryegrass and smooth-stalked meadow-grass have proved most wear-tolerant and have consequently become the principle species for sports fields. Red fescue and bent are no longer recommended for sports fields used both in summer and in winter. Timothy and small-leaved timothy are no longer of importance for sports fields in the Netherlands. 2) Initially a firm, flat turf of good sward-producing species was demanded; now demand is for species with high wear toelrance, sward density and disease resistance. The perennial ryegrass varieties must moreover be slow-growing and winterhardy. 3) Now there is much more knowledge about the most desirable characters of the top layer and the management of sports fields. Fields with a dry top layer make intensive use possible. In trials with perennial ryegrass varietal differences are greater and visible sooner on dry fields than on less dry fields. 4) Clear differences have been found in variety ranking order in perennial ryegrass between trials with artificial wear and trials on sports fields. On dry top layers the differences between artificial wear and real wear have been smaller than on less dry top layers. 5) Slow-growing perennial ryegrass turf-type varieties often show higher wear tolerance at 2 cm mowing than at 4 cm mowing; the opposite is true for the relatively fast-growing varieties. 6) In years with winter damage the wear tolerance of perennial ryegrass varieties has proved to be closely correlated with the winterhardiness of the varieties; even in years with mild winters varieties with a high winterhardiness have tolerated wear in winter better than the less winterhardy varieties. 7) An attack of crown rust clearly affects the wear tolerance of perennial ryegrass varieties negatively; resistance to Fusarium nivale also appears important. 8) In the last ten years particularly breeding has achieved large improvements in perennial ryegrass with respect to wear tolerance, slowness of growth and fineness of leaf; the resistance to disease has, however, declined. With respect to smooth-stalked meadow-grass the introduction of varieties resistance to Drechslera poae has brought about enormous progress in wear tolerance and sward density. 9) Especially on sports fields with a dry top layer and/or which are close mown (2 cm) it has been found that overseeding with mixtures of perennial ryegrass and smooth-stalked meadow-grass often results, after 2-3 months, in a considerable proportion of smooth-stalked meadow-grass in the plant population. The wear tolerance of such a mixture has proved to be higher than that of perennial ryegrass on its own. In severe winters the excellent winterhardiness of smooth-stalked meadow-grass is apparent on sports fields as elsewhere." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | Brief summary appears in The Journal of the Sports Turf Research Institute, Vol. 62 June 1986, p. 231 |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Kinds, H. P. P. 1985. Developments in sports turfgrasses over the past 25 years. Zeitschrift für Vegetationstechnik im Landschafts- und Sportstättenbau. 8(2):p. 64-70. |
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