Full TGIF Record # 94637
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Publication Type:
i
Report
Author(s):Nektarios, P. A.
Author Affiliation:Assistant Professor, Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
Title:Visualization of preferential flow in simulated golf course putting green profiles
Source:Rasen-Turf-Gazon. Vol. 35, No. 4, December 2004, p. 56-60.
Publishing Information:Bonn, Germany: Hortus Verlag
# of Pages:5
Keywords:TIC Keywords: Preferential flow; Leaching; Root zone mixture; Golf greens; Visual evaluation; Soil profiles; Dyes; Soil water movement
Abstract/Contents:"Contemporary golf course putting greens are constructed from coarse textured materials in a layered profile (fine sand/organic matter over coarse sand and gravel). The coarse texture profile in conjunction with the intensive maintenance schedule that includes pesticide, fertilizer and irrigation applications indicates the necessity to investigate the leaching potential from golf courses. In order to accurately predict potential solute leaching from a golf putting green it is necessary to visualize the flow field pattern through the profile. Therefore water and solute movement through a modified putting green soil profile was visualized and analyzed in a two dimensional laboratory simulation using a thin soil slab (12 mm). With a flow rate of 28 mm h-1, preferential flow of water and tracer dyes was observed. More specifically when the profile was dry, a single finger (dominant) was formed. Other secondary fingers were formed only when the downward movement of the dominant finger was halted at the first interface between the fine and the coarse sand. The fingers that were formed in the top layer were not saturated at the tip and had variable water content, velocites and widths depending on the sequence in which they were formed. After the development of a capillary fringe at the first interface, water flowed into the subsequent layers through small fingers. In subsequent infiltration cycles, water movement was visualized with the use of blue dye. The dye moved through the established fingers in the top layer but converged over the capillary fringe and passed through the interfaces from a single point. Therefore, preferential flow of solutes can occur both in dry and wetted layered putting green soil profile. It was estimated that the travel velocity of the contaminants was increased by 5 - 8 fold when compared to the hypothesis of a uniform wetting front."
Language:English
References:9
Note:Pictures, color
ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Nektarios, P. A. 2004. Visualization of preferential flow in simulated golf course putting green profiles. Rasen Turf Gazon. 35(4):p. 56-60.
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