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| Web URL(s): | http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_2004_vol58.pdf#page=79
Last checked: 07/23/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Kaufman, N. M.;
Askew, S. D. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia |
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| Title: | A review of comparative genomic methods for diagnostics in turfgrass weed science |
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| Section: | Research poster section
Other records with the "Research poster section" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Marriott Cambridge Center, Cambridge, Massachusetts: January 5-8, 2004 |
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| Source: | Proceedings: NortheasternWeed Science Society. Vol. 58, 2004, p. 79. |
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| Publishing Information: | Ithaca, NY: Northeastern Weed Science Society |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Comparisons; Diagnostic techniques; Evaluations; Evaluative methods; Genomics; Weed identification
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| Abstract/Contents: | "At present, there are many techniques available that can detect variation within and/or differentiate between weed populations or turfgrass cultivars. In this review we attempt to identify some of the methods that could be useful for diagnostic detection in turfgrass. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) selectively amplifies and detects restriction fragments from endonuclease digests of genomic DNA. Knowledge of genomic sequence is not required. This method will generate more polymorphisms than RFLP's. Applications include rapid identification and mapping of genomes. The process requires labeled primers, which may be expensive. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) detects frequencies of phenotypic diversity among populations. It is useful in monitoring population dynamics, calculating genetic distance, identifying biotypes, and genetic mapping of cultivars. Knowledge of genomic sequence is not required and small amounts of starting material may be used. This method is difficult to reproduce and can not detect heterozygosity because of dominant gene action. In restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), organisms are differentiated based on patterns derived from cleaving their genomic DNA and sorting the resulting fragments by size via electrophoresis. RFLP has applications in genome evolution and species divergence, as well as in genetic screening for possible deleterious genes. Downfalls in dealing with turf are the need for great amounts of starting material, which may be impossible to get from small plants, and that the identified markers are co-dominant, which are not useful in all instances. Intersimple sequence repeats (ISSR) is a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based method that targets regions flanking the microsatellites throughout the genome for detecting intraspecific polymorphisms. This method is more reproducible than RAPD but also can not detect heterozygosity because of the dominate marker. Unlike SSR, this method does not require knowledge of sequence information. Randomly amplified DNA fingerprinting (RAF) is used to identify DNA markers linked to disease resistance genes and assess genetic relatedness of genotypes within several plant species. This is a robust technique that does not require ultra pure DNA and is capable of identifying codominant loci. Restriction amplification fragment length polymorphism (RAFLP) produces a distinct phenotype for each genotype at a polymorphic locus. The goal of this method is to determine the number of polymorphic restriction sites within DNA fragments amplified using arbitrary primers. Fragments are easy to generate and the method requires only a small amount of starting tissue. This method is not influenced by the environment or stage of plant growth. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) are used in creating linkage maps and reveal high allelic variation in genomes. Although plant SSRs have a high probability of demonstrating polymorphism, this method is time consuming, expensive, and requires some prior knowledge of the genomic sequence. Genetic markers generated via variation in SSR length may provide a useful complement to the RFLP and RAPD markers currently in use." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Kaufman, N. M., and S. D. Askew. 2004. A review of comparative genomic methods for diagnostics in turfgrass weed science. Proc. Annu. Meet. Northeast. Weed Sci. Soc. 58:p. 79. |
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| Web URL(s):
http://www.newss.org/proceedings/proceedings_2004_vol58.pdf#page=79
Last checked: 07/23/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a single large file |
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MSU catalog number: SB 610 .N62 v. 57 |
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