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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Content Type: | Abstract or Summary only |
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| Author(s): | Yin, Tongjia;
Quinn, James A. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey |
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| Title: | Tests of a mechanistic model of one hormone regulating both sexes in buffalograss (Buchloë dactyloides) |
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| Section: | Oral presentations
Other records with the "Oral presentations" Section
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| Meeting Info.: | Cook College, Rutgers, NJ: January 15-16, 1993 |
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| Source: | Proceedings of the Second Annual Rutgers TurfgrassSymposium. Vol. 2, 1993, p. 16. |
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| Publishing Information: | New Brunswick, NJ: Center for Turfgrass Science, Cook College, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey |
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| # of Pages: | 1 |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Bouteloua dactyloides; Sex determination; Plant Growth regulators; Population dynamics; Genotypes; Inflorescences
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The objective of this research was to test empirically a one-hormone model for sex determination in flowering plants. The model assumes a branched regulatory system with one hormone and two receptors. One receptor inhibits one sex, and the other induces the other sex independently. Three components, the normal range of hormone level in the plants and the two sensitivity levels of the receptors, interact to regulate sex expression. We developed this mechanistic model after it became apparent that a two-hormone system could not explain the variability in sex expression in the mostly dioecious buffalograss, in which certain populations, and certain genotypes, produces inflorescences that range from 100% male in morphology and sex expression through intermediates in both morphology and sex expression (including perfect flowers) to 100% female. Results suggest that gibberellin (GA) functions as the sex hormone in buffalograss, promoting maleness and inhibiting femaleness. GA and a GA inhibitor (Paclobutrazol, PAC) were applied to three monoecious genotypes; in two of the genotypes the GA treatment yielded a significantly higher proportion of male inflorescences, and this transition, involved both inducing male and inhibiting female. PAC treatment produced exclusively female inflorescences, illustrating the dual effects of GA. Application of GA to two dwarf female genotypes produced neuter plants as predicted by our model. Under normal conditions, the GA concentration is low, and can neither inhibit female nor induce male, and female inflorescences are produced. The application of GA probably moved the hormone range into an overlapping sterile region, as the GA treated dwarf plants were similar to normal buffalograss in height and appearance. Constant males and females (as determined from long-term observations under a variety of conditions) may show enhanced male and female flowering with GA and PAC application, respectively, but in only one constant (and non-dwarf) female have high GA levels produced male inflorescences, and males lose vigor and/or die without producing female inflorescences at high levels of PAC. The model suggests that this constancy is due to the relative location of the sensitivity levels in relation to each other and to the hormone range. Understanding sex determination in buffalograss and having the ability to manipulate the sex expression in selected monoecious genotypes should greatly enhance the possibilities of developing high-quality, seed-propagated turfgrass cultivars." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| Note: | This item is an abstract only! |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Yin, T., and J. A. Quinn. 1993. Tests of a mechanistic model of one hormone regulating both sexes in buffalograss (Buchloë dactyloides). Proc. Annu. Rutgers Turfgrass Symp. 2:p. 16. |
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MSU catalog number: SB 433 .R88 |
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