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| Web URL(s): | https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/12/3/JEQ0120030406
Last checked: 12/12/2016
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| Publication Type:
| Refereed |
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| Author(s): | Gile, Jay D. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Toxicologist, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., USEPA, Corvallis, OR |
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| Title: | 2,4-D--Its Distribution and Effects in a Ryegrass Ecosystem |
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| Source: | Journal of Environmental Quality. Vol. 12, No. 3, July-September 1983, p. 406-412. |
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| Publishing Information: | Madison, Wisconsin: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, and Soil Science Society of America |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Lolium; Ecosystems; Non-target effects; Earthworms; 2,4-D; Pillbugs
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The fate and effects of the 14C-labeled butyl ester of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) applied as a foliar spray (1 kg ha-1) were examined in a simulated ryegrass (Lolium perenne) ecosystem. The ecosystem consisted of a sandy loam soil, annual ryegrass, numerous invertebrates, and a gray-tailed vole (Microtus canicaudus) housed in a terrestrial microcosm chamber (TMC-II). In addition to 2,4-D distribution, the study was designed to evaluate the reproducibility of data derived from TMC-II studies within and between experiments. One month after 2,4-D application, all of the 14C materials detected in the soil were present as unextractable residues in the top 1 cm; plant material contained an average of 8.9 mg kg-1, identified primarily as 2.5-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenoxyacetic acid. Residue levels in the animals ranged from 0.6 mg kg-1 for earthworms (Lumbricus spp.) to 5.3 mg kg-1 in pillbugs (Armandillarium spp.) of unidentified 14C residues. In excess of 90% of the material collected in the air stream was recovered within 24 h of application, which was identified as the butyl ester with no acid metabolites evident. The only effect observed in the ecosystem was a weight loss in the voles exposed to 2,4-D, in comparison with the control." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 18 |
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| See Also: | Other items relating to: 2, 4 - D in Turf |
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| Note: | Tables |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
Gile, J. D. 1983. 2,4-D--Its Distribution and Effects in a Ryegrass Ecosystem. J. Environ. Qual. 12(3):p. 406-412. |
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| Web URL(s):
https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/jeq/pdfs/12/3/JEQ0120030406
Last checked: 12/12/2016
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Item is within a limited-access website |
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MSU catalog number: S 900 .J6 |
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